DBMS > Amazon DynamoDB vs. Apache Impala vs. BoltDB vs. Microsoft Azure Table Storage vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Amazon DynamoDB vs. Apache Impala vs. BoltDB vs. Microsoft Azure Table Storage vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Hosted, scalable database service by Amazon with the data stored in Amazons cloud

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

An embedded key-value store for Go.

A Wide Column Store for rapid development using massive semi-structured datasets

A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries

Primary database model

Document store
Key-value store

Secondary database models

Document store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	74.07
Rank	#17	Overall
	#3	Document stores
	#2	Key-value stores

Score	13.77
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	0.74
Rank	#220	Overall
	#31	Key-value stores

Score	4.48
Rank	#75	Overall
	#6	Wide column stores

Score	0.11
Rank	#343	Overall
	#46	Document stores

Website

aws.amazon.com/dynamodb

impala.apache.org

github.com/boltdb/bolt

azure.microsoft.com/en-us/services/storage/tables

github.com/xtdb/xtdb
www.xtdb.com

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/dynamodb

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

www.xtdb.com/docs

Developer

Amazon

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

Microsoft

Juxt Ltd.

Initial release

2012

2013

2012

2019

Current release

4.1.0, June 2022

1.19, September 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

free tier for a limited amount of database operations

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

MIT License

commercial

Open Source

MIT License

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

C++

Clojure

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux

BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

hosted

All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

yes, extensible-data-notation format

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

limited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP API

JDBC
ODBC

RESTful HTTP API

HTTP REST
JDBC

Supported programming languages

.Net
ColdFusion
Erlang
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

.Net
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Clojure
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

Triggers

yes

by integration with AWS Lambda

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

selectable replication factor

none

yes

implicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.

yes, each node contains all data

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

may be implemented via Amazon Elastic MapReduce (Amazon EMR)

yes

query execution via MapReduce

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

can be specified for read operations

Eventual Consistency

none

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

ACID across one or more tables within a single AWS account and region

yes

optimistic locking

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

Access rights based on private key authentication or shared access signatures

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