DBMS > Amazon DynamoDB vs. Apache Drill vs. Apache Druid vs. MarkLogic vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB

System Properties Comparison Amazon DynamoDB vs. Apache Drill vs. Apache Druid vs. MarkLogic vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Hosted, scalable database service by Amazon with the data stored in Amazons cloud

Schema-free SQL Query Engine for Hadoop, NoSQL and Cloud Storage

Open-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality data

Operational and transactional Enterprise NoSQL database

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

Primary database model

Document store
Key-value store

Document store
Relational DBMS

Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Document store
Native XML DBMS
RDF store

as of version 7
Search engine

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	74.07
Rank	#17	Overall
	#3	Document stores
	#2	Key-value stores

Score	1.95
Rank	#127	Overall
	#23	Document stores
	#60	Relational DBMS

Score	3.34
Rank	#88	Overall
	#48	Relational DBMS
	#7	Time Series DBMS

Score	5.92
Rank	#58	Overall
	#10	Document stores
	#1	Native XML DBMS
	#1	RDF stores
	#6	Search engines

Score	29.04
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Website

aws.amazon.com/dynamodb

drill.apache.org

druid.apache.org

www.marklogic.com

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/dynamodb

drill.apache.org/docs

druid.apache.org/docs/latest/design

docs.marklogic.com

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

Developer

Amazon

Apache Software Foundation

Apache Software Foundation and contributors

MarkLogic Corp.

Microsoft

Initial release

2012

2001

2014

Current release

1.20.3, January 2023

29.0.1, April 2024

11.0, December 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

free tier for a limited amount of database operations

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

Apache license v2

commercial

restricted free version is available

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C++

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
OS X
Unix

Linux
OS X
Windows

hosted

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-less columns are supported

schema-free

Schema can be enforced

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON types

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL SELECT statement is SQL:2003 compliant

SQL for querying

yes

SQL92

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP API

JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Java API
Node.js Client API
ODBC
proprietary Optic API

Proprietary Query API, introduced with version 9
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
WebDAV
XDBC
XQuery
XSLT

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

Supported programming languages

.Net
ColdFusion
Erlang
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

C++

Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala

C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

yes

via XQuery or JavaScript

JavaScript

Triggers

yes

by integration with AWS Lambda

yes

JavaScript

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

manual/auto, time-based

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

yes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage engines

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

may be implemented via Amazon Elastic MapReduce (Amazon EMR)

yes

via Hadoop Connector, HDFS Direct Access and in-database MapReduce jobs

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

can be specified for read operations

none

Immediate Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

ACID across one or more tables within a single AWS account and region

ACID

can act as a resource manager in an XA/JTA transaction

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

Depending on the underlying data source

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

Depending on the underlying data source

yes, with Range Indexes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)

Depending on the underlying data source

RBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and system

Role-based access control at the document and subdocument levels

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

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