DBMS > Amazon DynamoDB vs. AnzoGraph DB vs. Google Cloud Firestore vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison Amazon DynamoDB vs. AnzoGraph DB vs. Google Cloud Firestore vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

Hosted, scalable database service by Amazon with the data stored in Amazons cloud

Scalable graph database built for online analytics and data harmonization with MPP scaling, high-performance analytical algorithms and reasoning, and virtualization

Cloud Firestore is an auto-scaling document database for storing, syncing, and querying data for mobile and web apps. It offers seamless integration with other Firebase and Google Cloud Platform products.

Fully managed big data interactive analytics platform

A MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL

Primary database model

Document store
Key-value store

column oriented

Secondary database models

Document store

If a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/scalar-data-types/dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store

this is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine

support for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS

see docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/time-series-analysis

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	74.07
Rank	#17	Overall
	#3	Document stores
	#2	Key-value stores

Score	0.23
Rank	#307	Overall
	#24	Graph DBMS
	#13	RDF stores

Score	7.85
Rank	#51	Overall
	#8	Document stores

Score	4.38
Rank	#77	Overall
	#41	Relational DBMS

Website

aws.amazon.com/dynamodb

cambridgesemantics.com/anzograph

firebase.google.com/products/firestore

azure.microsoft.com/services/data-explorer

github.com/torodb/server

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/dynamodb

docs.cambridgesemantics.com/anzograph/userdoc/home.htm

firebase.google.com/docs/firestore

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer

Developer

Amazon

Cambridge Semantics

Google

Microsoft

8Kdata

Initial release

2012

2018

2017

2019

2016

Current release

2.3, January 2021

cloud service with continuous releases

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

free tier for a limited amount of database operations

commercial

free trial version available

commercial

Open Source

AGPL-V3

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux

hosted

All OS with a Java 7 VM

Data scheme

schema-free

Schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support

schema-free

Fixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

bool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/scalar-data-types

yes

string, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

all fields are automatically indexed

SQL

Support of SQL

SPARQL and SPARQL* as primary query language. Cypher preview.

Kusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP API

Apache Mule
gRPC
JDBC
Kafka
OData access for BI tools
OpenCypher
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL

Android
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API

Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API

Supported programming languages

.Net
ColdFusion
Erlang
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

C++
Java
Python

Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
Python

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions and aggregates

yes, Firebase Rules & Cloud Functions

Yes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R

Triggers

yes

by integration with AWS Lambda

yes, with Cloud Functions

yes

see docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/management/updatepolicy

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

Automatic sharding

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Multi-source replication in MPP-Cluster

Multi-source replication

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

may be implemented via Amazon Elastic MapReduce (Amazon EMR)

Kerberos/HDFS data loading

Using Cloud Dataflow

Spark connector (open source): github.com/Azure/azure-kusto-spark

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

can be specified for read operations

Immediate Consistency in MPP-Cluster

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

not needed in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

ACID across one or more tables within a single AWS account and region

ACID

yes

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)

Access rights for users and roles

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management. Security Rules for 3rd party authentication using Firebase Auth.

Azure Active Directory Authentication

Access rights for users and roles

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