DBMS > Amazon DocumentDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Kinetica vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. OpenMLDB

System Properties Comparison Amazon DocumentDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Kinetica vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. OpenMLDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Fast, scalable, highly available, and fully managed MongoDB-compatible database service

A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.

Fully vectorized database across both GPUs and CPUs

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

An open-source machine learning database that provides a feature platform for training and inference

Primary database model

Document store

Relational DBMS

Time Series DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.91
Rank	#124	Overall
	#22	Document stores

Score	2.69
Rank	#101	Overall
	#51	Relational DBMS

Score	0.42
Rank	#261	Overall
	#120	Relational DBMS

Score	807.76
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	0.11
Rank	#339	Overall
	#30	Time Series DBMS

Website

aws.amazon.com/documentdb

cloud.google.com/spanner

www.kinetica.com

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

openmldb.ai

Technical documentation

aws.amazon.com/documentdb/resources

cloud.google.com/spanner/docs

docs.kinetica.com

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

openmldb.ai/docs/zh/main

Developer

Google

Kinetica

Microsoft

4 Paradigm Inc.

Initial release

2019

2017

2012

1989

2020

Current release

7.1, August 2021

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

2024-2 February 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

C, C++

C++

C++, Java, Scala

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux

Linux
Windows

Linux

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

Fixed schema

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

Query statements complying to ANSI 2011

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

APIs and other access methods

proprietary protocol using JSON (MongoDB compatible)

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC

At present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API

JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

JDBC
SQLAlchemy

Supported programming languages

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

Triggers

yes

triggers when inserted values for one or more columns fall within a specified range

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

horizontal partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-availability zones for high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas

Multi-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.

Source-replica replication

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

may be implemented via Amazon Elastic MapReduce (Amazon EMR)

yes

using Google Cloud Dataflow

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

typically not used, however similar functionality with DBRef possible

yes

by using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

Atomic single-document operations

ACID

Strict serializable isolation

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

GPU vRAM or System RAM

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users and roles

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

Access rights for users and roles on table level

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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