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DBMS > Amazon CloudSearch vs. Graph Engine vs. Hawkular Metrics vs. Immudb vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison Amazon CloudSearch vs. Graph Engine vs. Hawkular Metrics vs. Immudb vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon CloudSearch  Xexclude from comparisonGraph Engine infoformer name: Trinity  Xexclude from comparisonHawkular Metrics  Xexclude from comparisonImmudb  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA hosted search engine service by Amazon with the data stored in Amazons cloudA distributed in-memory data processing engine, underpinned by a strongly-typed RAM store and a general distributed computation engineHawkular metrics is the metric storage of the Red Hat sponsored Hawkular monitoring system. It is based on Cassandra.An open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.Virtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelSearch engineGraph DBMS
Key-value store
Time Series DBMSKey-value storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.85
Rank#137  Overall
#12  Search engines
Score0.61
Rank#240  Overall
#21  Graph DBMS
#35  Key-value stores
Score0.00
Rank#379  Overall
#40  Time Series DBMS
Score0.24
Rank#305  Overall
#43  Key-value stores
Score4.26
Rank#78  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#42  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­cloudsearchwww.graphengine.iowww.hawkular.orggithub.com/­codenotary/­immudb
immudb.io
virtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationdocs.aws.amazon.com/­cloudsearchwww.graphengine.io/­docs/­manualwww.hawkular.org/­hawkular-metrics/­docs/­user-guidedocs.immudb.iodocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperAmazonMicrosoftCommunity supported by Red HatCodenotaryOpenLink Software
Initial release20122010201420201998
Current release1.2.3, April 20227.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation language.NET and CJavaGoC
Server operating systemshosted.NETLinux
OS X
Windows
BSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeschema-freeyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes
Secondary indexesyes infoall search fields are automatically indexednoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnononoSQL-like syntaxyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsHTTP APIRESTful HTTP APIHTTP RESTgRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
F#
Visual Basic
Go
Java
Python
Ruby
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesnonoyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersnonoyes infovia Hawkular Alertingnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyes infoautomatic partitioning across Amazon Search Instance as requiredhorizontal partitioningSharding infobased on CassandraShardingyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes infomanaged transparently by AWSselectable replication factor infobased on CassandraChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanononoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesoptional: either by committing a write-ahead log (WAL) to the local persistent storage or by dumping the memory to a persistent storageyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlauthentication via encrypted signaturesnoFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
Amazon CloudSearchGraph Engine infoformer name: TrinityHawkular MetricsImmudbVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosUsed for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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More resources
Amazon CloudSearchGraph Engine infoformer name: TrinityHawkular MetricsImmudbVirtuoso
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