DBMS > Amazon Aurora vs. Amazon Redshift vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Trino vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Amazon Aurora vs. Amazon Redshift vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Trino vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

MySQL and PostgreSQL compatible cloud service by Amazon

Large scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence tools

Cloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.

Fast distributed SQL query engine for big data analytics. Forked from Presto and originally named PrestoSQL

A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store

Document store
Key-value store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Wide column store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	7.57
Rank	#51	Overall
	#32	Relational DBMS

Score	16.88
Rank	#35	Overall
	#22	Relational DBMS

Score	13.64
Rank	#39	Overall
	#6	Document stores

Score	4.99
Rank	#65	Overall
	#36	Relational DBMS

Score	0.18
Rank	#332	Overall
	#46	Document stores

Website

aws.amazon.com/rds/aurora

aws.amazon.com/redshift

firebase.google.com/products/realtime-database

trino.io

github.com/xtdb/xtdb
www.xtdb.com

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonRDS/latest/AuroraUserGuide/CHAP_Aurora.html

docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift

firebase.google.com/docs/database

trino.io/broadcast
trino.io/docs/current

www.xtdb.com/docs

Social network pages

Developer

Amazon

Amazon (based on PostgreSQL)

Google

acquired by Google 2014

Trino Software Foundation

Juxt Ltd.

Initial release

2015

2012

2020 rebranded from PrestoSQL

2019

Current release

1.19, September 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

MIT License

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Starburst Galaxy offers a feature-rich user interface to connect all your data sources, manage your Trino clusters, and query your data.

Implementation language

Java

Clojure

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux
macOS

for devlopment

All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

yes, extensible-data-notation format

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

restricted

yes

depending on connected data-source

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

does not fully support an SQL-standard

yes

limited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite

APIs and other access methods

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

JDBC
ODBC

Android
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API

JDBC
RESTful HTTP API
Trino CLI

HTTP REST
JDBC

Supported programming languages

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

Java
JavaScript
Objective-C

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
R
Ruby

Clojure
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions

in Python

limited functionality with using 'rules'

yes, depending on connected data-source

Triggers

yes

Callbacks are triggered when data changes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

horizontal partitioning

Sharding

depending on connected data-source

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Source-replica replication

yes

depending on connected data-source

yes, each node contains all data

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

if the client is offline
Immediate Consistency

if the client is online

depending on connected data-source

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

informational only, not enforced by the system

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

yes

depending on connected data-source

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

depending on connected data-source

yes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

yes, based on authentication and database rules

SQL standard access control

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

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Competitive advantages

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Typical application scenarios

Performant analytics query engine for data warehouses, data lakes, and data lakehouses...
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Key customers

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Market metrics

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Licensing and pricing models

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