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DBMS > Amazon Aurora vs. Amazon Neptune vs. FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. NebulaGraph

System Properties Comparison Amazon Aurora vs. Amazon Neptune vs. FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. NebulaGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Aurora  Xexclude from comparisonAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Datastore  Xexclude from comparisonNebulaGraph  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionMySQL and PostgreSQL compatible cloud service by AmazonFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Automatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud PlatformA distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Document store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Document storeGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score7.91
Rank#50  Overall
#32  Relational DBMS
Score2.20
Rank#119  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score1.03
Rank#190  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#89  Relational DBMS
Score4.47
Rank#76  Overall
#12  Document stores
Score2.14
Rank#120  Overall
#10  Graph DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­rds/­auroraaws.amazon.com/­neptunegithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbcloud.google.com/­datastoregithub.com/­vesoft-inc/­nebula
www.nebula-graph.io
Technical documentationdocs.aws.amazon.com/­AmazonRDS/­latest/­AuroraUserGuide/­CHAP_Aurora.htmlaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcesapple.github.io/­foundationdbcloud.google.com/­datastore/­docsdocs.nebula-graph.io
DeveloperAmazonAmazonFoundationDBGoogleVesoft Inc.
Initial release20152017201320082019
Current release6.2.28, November 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesnoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C++
Server operating systemshostedhostedLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-free infosome layers support schemasschema-freeStrong typed schema
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesno infosome layers support typingyes, details hereyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono
Secondary indexesyesnonoyesyes infoNebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesnosupported in specific SQL layer onlySQL-like query language (GQL)SQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis infoORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL
Supported programming languagesAda
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
C#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoin SQL-layer onlyusing Google App Engineuser defined functions
TriggersyesnonoCallbacks using the Google Apps Engine
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioningnoneShardingShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replicationMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.yesMulti-source replication using PaxosCausal Clustering using Raft protocol
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyLinearizable consistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration infoStrong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infoRelationships in graphsin SQL-layer onlyyes infovia ReferenceProperties or Ancestor pathsyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID infoSerializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of TransactionsACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyes infousing RocksDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)noAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Role-based access control
More information provided by the system vendor
Amazon AuroraAmazon NeptuneFoundationDBGoogle Cloud DatastoreNebulaGraph
Specific characteristicsNebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more
Competitive advantagesNebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more
Typical application scenariosSocial networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more
Key customersCompanies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more
Market metricsAt our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsNebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more

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More resources
Amazon AuroraAmazon NeptuneFoundationDBGoogle Cloud DatastoreNebulaGraph
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