DBMS > Altibase vs. Citus vs. HBase vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB

System Properties Comparison Altibase vs. Citus vs. HBase vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

An enterprise grade, high-performance RDBMS

Scalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQL

Wide-column store based on Apache Hadoop and on concepts of BigTable

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Wide column store

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Secondary database models

Document store

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.07
Rank	#186	Overall
	#87	Relational DBMS

Score	2.21
Rank	#118	Overall
	#56	Relational DBMS

Score	30.50
Rank	#26	Overall
	#2	Wide column stores

Score	29.04
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Website

altibase.com

www.citusdata.com

hbase.apache.org

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

Technical documentation

github.com/ALTIBASE/Documents/tree/master/Manuals

docs.citusdata.com

hbase.apache.org/book.html

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

Developer

Altibase

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Powerset

Microsoft

Initial release

1999

2010

2008

2014

Current release

v7.3, 2023, August 2023

8.1, December 2018

2.3.4, January 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open source edition discontinued with March 2023

Open Source

AGPL, commercial license also available

Open Source

Apache version 2

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

C++

Java

Server operating systems

AIX
HP-UX
Linux

Linux

Linux
Unix
Windows

using Cygwin

hosted

Data scheme

yes

schema-free, schema definition possible

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

options to bring your own types, AVRO

yes

JSON types

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

specific XML type available, but no XML query functionality

Secondary indexes

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

SQL

Support of SQL

ANSI SQL-92

yes

standard, with numerous extensions

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

Java API
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

Supported programming languages

C
C++
Java

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

C
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

stored procedures and stored functions

user defined functions

realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.

yes

Coprocessors in Java

JavaScript

Triggers

yes

JavaScript

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Source-replica replication

other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Single row ACID (across millions of columns)

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access Control Lists (ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

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