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DBMS > Altibase vs. Citus vs. FoundationDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server

System Properties Comparison Altibase vs. Citus vs. FoundationDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAltibase  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionAn enterprise grade, high-performance RDBMSScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Microsofts flagship relational DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.02
Rank#189  Overall
#88  Relational DBMS
Score2.15
Rank#117  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score1.06
Rank#185  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#85  Relational DBMS
Score821.56
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Websitealtibase.comwww.citusdata.comgithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-server
Technical documentationgithub.com/­ALTIBASE/­Documents/­tree/­master/­Manualsdocs.citusdata.comapple.github.io/­foundationdblearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-server
DeveloperAltibaseFoundationDBMicrosoft
Initial release1999201020131989
Current releasev7.3, 2023, August 20238.1, December 20186.2.28, November 2020SQL Server 2022, November 2022
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infoOpen source edition discontinued with March 2023Open Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial inforestricted free version is available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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SQLServer Flex @ STACKIT offers a managed version of SQL Server with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All services are 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageC++CC++C++
Server operating systemsAIX
HP-UX
Linux
LinuxLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-free infosome layers support schemasyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesno infosome layers support typingyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalityyes
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLANSI SQL-92yes infostandard, with numerous extensionssupported in specific SQL layer onlyyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
Supported programming languagesC
C++
Java
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresstored procedures and stored functionsuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.in SQL-layer onlyTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java
Triggersyesyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingShardingtables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyesyes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyLinearizable consistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesin SQL-layer onlyyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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AltibaseCitusFoundationDBMicrosoft SQL Server
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