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DBMS > Altibase vs. Apache Impala vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. PostgreSQL vs. RocksDB

System Properties Comparison Altibase vs. Apache Impala vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. PostgreSQL vs. RocksDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAltibase  Xexclude from comparisonApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonRocksDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn enterprise grade, high-performance RDBMSAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Widely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLEmbeddable persistent key-value store optimized for fast storage (flash and RAM)
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Key-value store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.02
Rank#189  Overall
#88  Relational DBMS
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score2.84
Rank#100  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score3.41
Rank#86  Overall
#11  Key-value stores
Websitealtibase.comimpala.apache.orgcloud.google.com/­spannerwww.postgresql.orgrocksdb.org
Technical documentationgithub.com/­ALTIBASE/­Documents/­tree/­master/­Manualsimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docswww.postgresql.org/­docsgithub.com/­facebook/­rocksdb/­wiki
DeveloperAltibaseApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaGooglePostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerFacebook, Inc.
Initial release1999201320171989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2013
Current releasev7.3, 2023, August 20234.1.0, June 202216.3, May 20249.2.1, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infoOpen source edition discontinued with March 2023Open Source infoApache Version 2commercialOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
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Implementation languageC++C++CC++
Server operating systemsAIX
HP-UX
Linux
LinuxhostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesyesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLANSI SQL-92SQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yes infostandard with numerous extensionsno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
JDBC
ODBC
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
C++ API
Java API
Supported programming languagesC
C++
Java
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBCGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C
C++
Go
Java
Perl
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresstored procedures and stored functionsyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.no
Triggersyesnonoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashhorizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesselectable replication factorMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Source-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDyes
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnononoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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AltibaseApache ImpalaGoogle Cloud SpannerPostgreSQLRocksDB
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