DBMS > AllegroGraph vs. GraphDB vs. LeanXcale vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. SQLite

System Properties Comparison AllegroGraph vs. GraphDB vs. LeanXcale vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. SQLite

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

High performance, persistent RDF store with additional support for Graph DBMS

Enterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.

A highly scalable full ACID SQL database with fast NoSQL data ingestion and GIS capabilities

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

Widely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS

Primary database model

Document store

with version 6.5
Graph DBMS
RDF store
Vector DBMS

Graph DBMS
RDF store

Key-value store
Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.06
Rank	#187	Overall
	#30	Document stores
	#17	Graph DBMS
	#7	RDF stores
	#7	Vector DBMS

Score	3.32
Rank	#91	Overall
	#6	Graph DBMS
	#4	RDF stores

Score	0.29
Rank	#291	Overall
	#41	Key-value stores
	#132	Relational DBMS

Score	29.04
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Score	114.32
Rank	#10	Overall
	#7	Relational DBMS

Website

allegrograph.com

www.ontotext.com

www.leanxcale.com

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

www.sqlite.org

Technical documentation

franz.com/agraph/support/documentation/current/agraph-introduction.html

graphdb.ontotext.com/documentation

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

www.sqlite.org/docs.html

Social network pages

Developer

Franz Inc.

Ontotext

LeanXcale

Microsoft

Dwayne Richard Hipp

Initial release

2004

2000

2015

2014

2000

Current release

8.0, December 2023

10.4, October 2023

3.45.3 (15 April 2024), April 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Limited community edition free

commercial

Some plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourced

commercial

Open Source

Public Domain

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

All OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows

hosted

server-less

Data scheme

yes

RDF schemas

schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapes

yes

schema-free

yes

dynamic column types

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON types

yes

not rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

bulk load of XML files possible

Secondary indexes

yes

yes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexes

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SPARQL is used as query language

stored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBC

yes

through Apache Derby

SQL-like query language

yes

SQL-92 is not fully supported

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL

GeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1

JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
proprietary key/value interface
Spark Connector

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

ADO.NET

inofficial driver
JDBC

inofficial driver
ODBC

inofficial driver

Supported programming languages

C#
Clojure
Java
Lisp
Perl
Python
Ruby
Scala

.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

C
Java
Scala

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

JavaScript or Common Lisp

well-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibility

JavaScript

Triggers

yes

JavaScript

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

with Federation

none

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Multi-source replication

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration

Immediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)

Immediate Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Constraint checking

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

via file-system locks

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authentication

Default Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Knowledge Graph Platform Leader FedShard - Designed for Entity-Event Knowledge Graph...
» more

Ontotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
» more

Competitive advantages

AllegroGraph is uniquely suited to support adhoc queries through SPARQL, Prolog and...
» more

GraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more

Typical application scenarios

Metadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more

Key customers

GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
» more

Market metrics

GraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

GraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more

News

How a Neuro-Symbolic AI Approach Can Improve Trust in AI Apps
23 May 2024

Can Neuro-Symbolic AI Solve AI’s Weaknesses?
17 April 2024

100 Companies That Matter in KM – Franz Inc.
3 April 2024

Exploring AllegroGraph v8 – Unleashing the Power of Neuro-Symbolic AI (Recorded Webinar)
9 February 2024

What is Neuro-Symbolic AI?
23 January 2024

Integrating GraphDB with Relational Database Systems
23 May 2024

Understanding the Graph Center of Excellence
17 May 2024

Migrating From LPG to RDF Graph Model
8 May 2024

Case study: Policy Enforcement Automation With Semantics
2 May 2024

Okay, RAG… We Have a Problem
26 April 2024

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.