DBMS > AllegroGraph vs. Apache IoTDB vs. BigchainDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. NebulaGraph

System Properties Comparison AllegroGraph vs. Apache IoTDB vs. BigchainDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. NebulaGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

High performance, persistent RDF store with additional support for Graph DBMS

An IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and Flink

BigchainDB is scalable blockchain database offering decentralization, immutability and native assets

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

A distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMS

Primary database model

Document store

with version 6.5
Graph DBMS
RDF store
Vector DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.13
Rank	#179	Overall
	#30	Document stores
	#17	Graph DBMS
	#7	RDF stores
	#7	Vector DBMS

Score	1.31
Rank	#164	Overall
	#14	Time Series DBMS

Score	0.85
Rank	#208	Overall
	#35	Document stores

Score	821.56
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	2.23
Rank	#116	Overall
	#10	Graph DBMS

Website

allegrograph.com

iotdb.apache.org

www.bigchaindb.com

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula
www.nebula-graph.io

Technical documentation

franz.com/agraph/support/documentation/current/agraph-introduction.html

iotdb.apache.org/UserGuide/Master/QuickStart/QuickStart.html

bigchaindb.readthedocs.io/en/latest

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

docs.nebula-graph.io

Developer

Franz Inc.

Apache Software Foundation

Microsoft

Vesoft Inc.

Initial release

2004

2018

2016

1989

2019

Current release

8.0, December 2023

1.1.0, April 2023

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Limited community edition free

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

AGPL v3

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

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Implementation language

Java

Python

C++

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

All OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)

Linux

Linux
Windows

Linux

Data scheme

yes

RDF schemas

yes

schema-free

yes

Strong typed schema

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

bulk load of XML files possible

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

Nebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.

SQL

Support of SQL

SPARQL is used as query language

SQL-like query language

yes

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL

JDBC
Native API

CLI Client
RESTful HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis

ORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL

Supported programming languages

C#
Clojure
Java
Lisp
Perl
Python
Ruby
Scala

C
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala

Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

JavaScript or Common Lisp

yes

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

with Federation

horizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)

Sharding

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

selectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicas

selectable replication factor

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

Causal Clustering using Raft protocol

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Integration with Hadoop and Spark

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration

Eventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes,with MongoDB ord RethinkDB

yes

using RocksDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authentication

yes

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Role-based access control

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Knowledge Graph Platform Leader FedShard - Designed for Entity-Event Knowledge Graph...
» more

NebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more

Competitive advantages

AllegroGraph is uniquely suited to support adhoc queries through SPARQL, Prolog and...
» more

NebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more

Typical application scenarios

Social networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more

Key customers

Companies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more

Market metrics

At our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

NebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more

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9 February 2024

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23 January 2024

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.