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DBMS > AllegroGraph vs. Amazon Neptune vs. Citus vs. GraphDB vs. Oracle

System Properties Comparison AllegroGraph vs. Amazon Neptune vs. Citus vs. GraphDB vs. Oracle

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAllegroGraph  Xexclude from comparisonAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparisonOracle  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionHigh performance, persistent RDF store with additional support for Graph DBMSFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLEnterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.Widely used RDBMS
Primary database modelDocument store infowith version 6.5
Graph DBMS
RDF store
Vector DBMS
Graph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS infosince Oracle 23
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.06
Rank#187  Overall
#30  Document stores
#17  Graph DBMS
#7  RDF stores
#7  Vector DBMS
Score2.20
Rank#119  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score2.21
Rank#118  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score3.32
Rank#91  Overall
#6  Graph DBMS
#4  RDF stores
Score1236.29
Rank#1  Overall
#1  Relational DBMS
Websiteallegrograph.comaws.amazon.com/­neptunewww.citusdata.comwww.ontotext.comwww.oracle.com/­database
Technical documentationfranz.com/­agraph/­support/­documentation/­current/­agraph-introduction.htmlaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcesdocs.citusdata.comgraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentationdocs.oracle.com/­en/­database
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHubMedium
DeveloperFranz Inc.AmazonOntotextOracle
Initial release20042017201020001980
Current release8.0, December 20238.1, December 201810.4, October 202323c, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infoLimited community edition freecommercialOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availablecommercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourcedcommercial inforestricted free version is available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCJavaC and C++
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinuxAll OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Data schemeyes infoRDF schemasschema-freeyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapesyes infoSchemaless in JSON and XML columns
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.no infobulk load of XML files possiblenoyes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynoyes
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSPARQL is used as query languagenoyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsstored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBCyes infowith proprietary extensions
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
OpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
GeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languagesC#
Clojure
Java
Lisp
Perl
Python
Ruby
Scala
C#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infoJavaScript or Common Lispnouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.well-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibilityPL/SQL infoalso stored procedures in Java possible
Triggersyesnoyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeswith FederationnoneShardingnoneSharding, horizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Multi-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.Source-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono infocan be realized in PL/SQL
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoRelationships in graphsyesyes infoConstraint checkingyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDACID infoisolation level can be parameterized
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes infoVersion 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authenticationAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardDefault Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
AllegroGraphAmazon NeptuneCitusGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMOracle
Specific characteristicsKnowledge Graph Platform Leader FedShard - Designed for Entity-Event Knowledge Graph...
» more
Ontotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
» more
Competitive advantagesAllegroGraph is uniquely suited to support adhoc queries through SPARQL, Prolog and...
» more
GraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more
Typical application scenariosMetadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more
Key customers​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
» more
Market metricsGraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more
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