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DBMS > Alibaba Cloud TSDB vs. Dgraph vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Greenplum vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

System Properties Comparison Alibaba Cloud TSDB vs. Dgraph vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Greenplum vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAlibaba Cloud TSDB  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonGreenplum  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA stable, reliable, and cost-effective online high-performance time series database serviceDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSGoogle's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.Analytic Database platform built on PostgreSQL. Full name is Pivotal Greenplum Database infoA logical database in Greenplum is an array of individual PostgreSQL databases working together to present a single database image.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platform
Primary database modelTime Series DBMSGraph DBMSKey-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn oriented
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Document store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.29
Rank#301  Overall
#26  Time Series DBMS
Score1.53
Rank#152  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score3.15
Rank#95  Overall
#14  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score8.08
Rank#48  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.alibabacloud.com/­product/­hitsdbdgraph.iocloud.google.com/­bigtablegreenplum.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorer
Technical documentationwww.alibabacloud.com/­help/­en/­time-series-database/­latest/­what-is-tsdbdgraph.io/­docscloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docsdocs.greenplum.orgdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer
DeveloperAlibabaDgraph Labs, Inc.GooglePivotal Software Inc.Microsoft
Initial release2016201520052019
Current release7.0.0, September 2023cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnoyesnoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGo
Server operating systemshostedLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinuxhosted
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeschema-freeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateNumeric data and Stringsyesnoyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes infosince Version 4.2yes
Secondary indexesnoyesnoyesall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLnononoyesKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset
APIs and other access methodsHTTP RESTGraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
JDBC
ODBC
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesJavaC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
Java
Perl
Python
R
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnononoyesYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R
Triggersnononoyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicy
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyesShardingShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSynchronous replication via RaftInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesSource-replica replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyesyesSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-spark
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDAtomic single-row operationsACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess managed on TSDB instance levelno infoPlanned for future releasesAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAzure Active Directory Authentication

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More resources
Alibaba Cloud TSDBDgraphGoogle Cloud BigtableGreenplumMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer
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