DBMS > Alibaba Cloud PolarDB vs. Hive vs. KeyDB vs. MySQL vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison Alibaba Cloud PolarDB vs. Hive vs. KeyDB vs. MySQL vs. Spark SQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A cloud-native relational database compatible with MySQL, PostgreSQL, and Oracle. Designed for business critical applications.

data warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on Hadoop

An ultra-fast, open source Key-value store fully compatible with Redis API, modules, and protocols

Widely used open source RDBMS

Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Key/Value like access via memcached API

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.59
Rank	#241	Overall
	#110	Relational DBMS

Score	61.17
Rank	#18	Overall
	#12	Relational DBMS

Score	0.71
Rank	#226	Overall
	#33	Key-value stores

Score	1083.74
Rank	#2	Overall
	#2	Relational DBMS

Score	18.96
Rank	#33	Overall
	#20	Relational DBMS

Website

www.alibabacloud.com/product/polardb

hive.apache.org

github.com/Snapchat/KeyDB
keydb.dev

www.mysql.com

spark.apache.org/sql

Technical documentation

www.alibabacloud.com/help/en/polardb/product-overview

cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/Hive/Home

docs.keydb.dev

dev.mysql.com/doc

spark.apache.org/docs/latest/sql-programming-guide.html

Developer

Alibaba

Apache Software Foundation

initially developed by Facebook

EQ Alpha Technology Ltd.

Oracle

since 2010, originally MySQL AB, then Sun

Apache Software Foundation

Initial release

2012

2019

1995

2014

Current release

3.1.3, April 2022

8.4.0, April 2024

3.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

BSD-3

Open Source

GPL version 2. Commercial licenses with extended functionallity are available

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

C++

C and C++

Scala

Server operating systems

hosted

All OS with a Java VM

Linux

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

partial

Supported data types are strings, hashes, lists, sets and sorted sets, bit arrays, hyperloglogs and geospatial indexes

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

by using the Redis Search module

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

with proprietary extensions

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

JDBC
ODBC
Thrift

Proprietary protocol

RESP - REdis Serialization Protoco

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

Java
Python

C++
Java
PHP
Python

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Crystal
D
Dart
Elixir
Erlang
Fancy
Go
Haskell
Haxe
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Pascal
Perl
PHP
Prolog
Pure Data
Python
R
Rebol
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Swift
Tcl
Visual Basic

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

Java
Python
R
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

Lua

yes

proprietary syntax

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Sharding

horizontal partitioning, sharding with MySQL Cluster or MySQL Fabric

yes, utilizing Spark Core

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

selectable replication factor

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Strong eventual consistency with CRDTs

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Optimistic locking, atomic execution of commands blocks and scripts

ACID

not for MyISAM storage engine

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

table locks or row locks depending on storage engine

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

Configurable mechanisms for persistency via snapshots and/or operations logs

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users, groups and roles

simple password-based access control and ACL

Users with fine-grained authorization concept

no user groups or roles

More information provided by the system vendor

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