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DBMS > Alibaba Cloud PolarDB vs. FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Hypertable

System Properties Comparison Alibaba Cloud PolarDB vs. FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Hypertable

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAlibaba Cloud PolarDB  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonHypertable  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.Hypertable has stopped its further development with March 2016 and is removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionA cloud-native relational database compatible with MySQL, PostgreSQL, and Oracle. Designed for business critical applications.Ordered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.An open source BigTable implementation based on distributed file systems such as Hadoop
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Relational DBMSWide column store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.59
Rank#241  Overall
#110  Relational DBMS
Score1.03
Rank#190  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#89  Relational DBMS
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.alibabacloud.com/­product/­polardbgithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbcloud.google.com/­spanner
Technical documentationwww.alibabacloud.com/­help/­en/­polardb/­product-overviewapple.github.io/­foundationdbcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docs
DeveloperAlibabaFoundationDBGoogleHypertable Inc.
Initial release201320172009
Current release6.2.28, November 20200.9.8.11, March 2016
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoGNU version 3. Commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C++
Server operating systemshostedLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
OS X
Windows infoan inofficial Windows port is available
Data schemeyesschema-free infosome layers support schemasyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesno infosome layers support typingyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesno
Secondary indexesyesnoyesrestricted infoonly exact value or prefix value scans
SQL infoSupport of SQLyessupported in specific SQL layer onlyyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011no
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
C++ API
Thrift
Supported programming languagesJava
Python
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C++
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesin SQL-layer onlynono
Triggersyesnonono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceShardingShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.selectable replication factor on file system level
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyLinearizable consistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesin SQL-layer onlyyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesno
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)no
More information provided by the system vendor
Alibaba Cloud PolarDBFoundationDBGoogle Cloud SpannerHypertable
Specific characteristicsPolarDB, previously ApsaraDB for PolarDB, is a cloud-native relational database designed...
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Competitive advantagesWebinar: Top Scientists Live: Tech Secrets to Double 11's Success Revealed. White...
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Licensing and pricing modelsSpecification and pricing. You can use either of the following billing methods to...
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Alibaba Cloud PolarDBFoundationDBGoogle Cloud SpannerHypertable
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