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DBMS > Alibaba Cloud PolarDB vs. Elasticsearch vs. GraphDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB

System Properties Comparison Alibaba Cloud PolarDB vs. Elasticsearch vs. GraphDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAlibaba Cloud PolarDB  Xexclude from comparisonElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA cloud-native relational database compatible with MySQL, PostgreSQL, and Oracle. Designed for business critical applications.A distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricEnterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service
Primary database modelRelational DBMSSearch engineGraph DBMS
RDF store
Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.59
Rank#241  Overall
#110  Relational DBMS
Score135.35
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score3.32
Rank#91  Overall
#6  Graph DBMS
#4  RDF stores
Score29.04
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Websitewww.alibabacloud.com/­product/­polardbwww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchwww.ontotext.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-db
Technical documentationwww.alibabacloud.com/­help/­en/­polardb/­product-overviewwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlgraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentationlearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-db
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHubMedium
DeveloperAlibabaElasticOntotextMicrosoft
Initial release201020002014
Current release8.6, January 202310.4, October 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoElastic Licensecommercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourcedcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaJava
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java VMAll OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
hosted
Data schemeyesschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infoJSON types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono
Secondary indexesyesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexesyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by default
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesSQL-like query languagestored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBCSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
GeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
Supported programming languagesJava
Python
.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyeswell-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibilityJavaScript
Triggersyesyes infoby using the 'percolation' featurenoJavaScript
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceShardingnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyesMulti-source replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoES-Hadoop Connectornowith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allImmediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyes infoConstraint checkingno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesMemcached and Redis integration
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardDefault Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.Access rights can be defined down to the item level
More information provided by the system vendor
Alibaba Cloud PolarDBElasticsearchGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB
Specific characteristicsPolarDB, previously ApsaraDB for PolarDB, is a cloud-native relational database designed...
» more
Ontotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
» more
Competitive advantagesWebinar: Top Scientists Live: Tech Secrets to Double 11's Success Revealed. White...
» more
GraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more
Typical application scenariosCreating a Robust Cloud-Based Database for Fintech, E-Commerce and Gaming. Learn...
» more
Metadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more
Key customers​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
» more
Market metricsGraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsSpecification and pricing. You can use either of the following billing methods to...
» more
GraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more
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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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More resources
Alibaba Cloud PolarDBElasticsearchGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB
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