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DBMS > Alibaba Cloud PolarDB vs. Apache IoTDB vs. Graph Engine vs. Kdb vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

System Properties Comparison Alibaba Cloud PolarDB vs. Apache IoTDB vs. Graph Engine vs. Kdb vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAlibaba Cloud PolarDB  Xexclude from comparisonApache IoTDB  Xexclude from comparisonGraph Engine infoformer name: Trinity  Xexclude from comparisonKdb  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA cloud-native relational database compatible with MySQL, PostgreSQL, and Oracle. Designed for business critical applications.An IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and FlinkA distributed in-memory data processing engine, underpinned by a strongly-typed RAM store and a general distributed computation engineHigh performance Time Series DBMSFully managed big data interactive analytics platform
Primary database modelRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSGraph DBMS
Key-value store
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Relational DBMS infocolumn oriented
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.59
Rank#241  Overall
#110  Relational DBMS
Score1.18
Rank#173  Overall
#15  Time Series DBMS
Score0.61
Rank#240  Overall
#21  Graph DBMS
#35  Key-value stores
Score7.55
Rank#53  Overall
#3  Time Series DBMS
#1  Vector DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.alibabacloud.com/­product/­polardbiotdb.apache.orgwww.graphengine.iokx.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorer
Technical documentationwww.alibabacloud.com/­help/­en/­polardb/­product-overviewiotdb.apache.org/­UserGuide/­Master/­QuickStart/­QuickStart.htmlwww.graphengine.io/­docs/­manualcode.kx.comdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer
DeveloperAlibabaApache Software FoundationMicrosoftKx Systems, a division of First Derivatives plcMicrosoft
Initial release201820102000 infokdb was released 2000, kdb+ in 20032019
Current release1.1.0, April 20233.6, May 2018cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoMIT Licensecommercial infofree 32-bit versioncommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJava.NET and Cq
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8).NETLinux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
hosted
Data schemeyesyesyesyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonoyesyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infotable attribute 'grouped'all fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesSQL-like query languagenoSQL-like query language (q)Kusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
JDBC
Native API
RESTful HTTP APIHTTP API
JDBC
Jupyter
Kafka
ODBC
WebSocket
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesJava
Python
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala
C#
C++
F#
Visual Basic
C
C#
C++
Go
J
Java
JavaScript
Lua
MatLab
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyesyesuser defined functionsYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R
Triggersyesyesnoyes infowith viewsyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicy
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicehorizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)horizontal partitioninghorizontal partitioningSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceselectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicasSource-replica replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoIntegration with Hadoop and Sparkno infosimilar paradigm used for internal processingSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-spark
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft
Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnononono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesoptional: either by committing a write-ahead log (WAL) to the local persistent storage or by dumping the memory to a persistent storageyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesyesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyesrights management via user accountsAzure Active Directory Authentication
More information provided by the system vendor
Alibaba Cloud PolarDBApache IoTDBGraph Engine infoformer name: TrinityKdbMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer
Specific characteristicsPolarDB, previously ApsaraDB for PolarDB, is a cloud-native relational database designed...
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Integrated columnar database & programming system for streaming, real time and historical...
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Competitive advantagesWebinar: Top Scientists Live: Tech Secrets to Double 11's Success Revealed. White...
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provides seamless scalability; runs on industry standard server platforms; is top-ranked...
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Typical application scenariosCreating a Robust Cloud-Based Database for Fintech, E-Commerce and Gaming. Learn...
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tick database streaming sensor data massive intelligence applications oil and gas...
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Key customersGoldman Sachs Morgan Stanley Merrill Lynch J.P. Morgan Deutsche Bank IEX Securities...
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Market metricskdb+ performance and reliability proven by our customers in critical infrastructure...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsSpecification and pricing. You can use either of the following billing methods to...
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upon request
» more

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Alibaba Cloud PolarDBApache IoTDBGraph Engine infoformer name: TrinityKdbMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer
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