DBMS > Alibaba Cloud PolarDB vs. Apache IoTDB vs. atoti vs. FoundationDB vs. H2

System Properties Comparison Alibaba Cloud PolarDB vs. Apache IoTDB vs. atoti vs. FoundationDB vs. H2

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.

Description

A cloud-native relational database compatible with MySQL, PostgreSQL, and Oracle. Designed for business critical applications.

An IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and Flink

An in-memory DBMS combining transactional and analytical processing to handle the aggregation of ever-changing data.

Ordered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

Primary database model

supported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS

supported via specific SQL-layer

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.59
Rank	#241	Overall
	#110	Relational DBMS

Score	1.18
Rank	#173	Overall
	#15	Time Series DBMS

Score	0.56
Rank	#245	Overall
	#10	Object oriented DBMS

Score	1.03
Rank	#190	Overall
	#31	Document stores
	#28	Key-value stores
	#89	Relational DBMS

Score	8.13
Rank	#49	Overall
	#31	Relational DBMS

Website

www.alibabacloud.com/product/polardb

iotdb.apache.org

atoti.io

github.com/apple/foundationdb

www.h2database.com

Technical documentation

www.alibabacloud.com/help/en/polardb/product-overview

iotdb.apache.org/UserGuide/Master/QuickStart/QuickStart.html

docs.atoti.io

apple.github.io/foundationdb

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

Developer

Alibaba

Apache Software Foundation

ActiveViam

FoundationDB

Thomas Mueller

Initial release

2018

2013

2005

Current release

1.1.0, April 2023

6.2.28, November 2020

2.2.220, July 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

free versions available

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C++

Java

Server operating systems

hosted

All OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)

Linux
OS X
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

some layers support schemas

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

some layers support typing

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL-like query language

Multidimensional Expressions (MDX)

supported in specific SQL layer only

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

JDBC
Native API

JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

Java
Python

C
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala

.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift

Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Python

in SQL-layer only

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

horizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

selectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicas

yes

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Integration with Hadoop and Spark

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft

Linearizable consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

in SQL-layer only

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

yes

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

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Typical application scenarios

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Licensing and pricing models

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