DBMS > Alibaba Cloud AnalyticDB for PostgreSQL vs. NebulaGraph vs. OpenSearch vs. PostgreSQL vs. Tibero
System Properties Comparison Alibaba Cloud AnalyticDB for PostgreSQL vs. NebulaGraph vs. OpenSearch vs. PostgreSQL vs. Tibero
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| Name | Alibaba Cloud AnalyticDB for PostgreSQL  former name was HybridDB Xexclude from comparison | NebulaGraph Xexclude from comparison | OpenSearch Xexclude from comparison | PostgreSQL Xexclude from comparison | Tibero Xexclude from comparison | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Description | An online MPP (Massively Parallel Processing) data warehousing service based on Greenplum | A distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMS | A distributed, RESTful search and analytics engine forked from Elasticsearch and based on Apache Lucene | Widely used open source RDBMS Developed as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL | A secure RDBMS, designed for easy portability from Oracle | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Primary database model | Relational DBMS | Graph DBMS | Search engine | Relational DBMS with object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module. | Relational DBMS | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary database models | Vector DBMS | Document store Graph DBMS with Apache AgeSpatial DBMS Vector DBMS with pgvector extension | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Website | www.alibabacloud.com/product/hybriddb-postgresql | github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula www.nebula-graph.io | github.com/opensearch-project opensearch.org | www.postgresql.org | us.tmaxsoft.com/products/tibero | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Technical documentation | www.alibabacloud.com/help/en/analyticdb-for-postgresql/latest/product-introduction-overview | docs.nebula-graph.io | opensearch.org/docs/latest | www.postgresql.org/docs | technet.tmaxsoft.com/upload/download/online/tibero/pver-20150504-000002/index.html | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Developer | Alibaba / Pivotal Software Inc. / PostgreSQL Global Development Group | Vesoft Inc. | Amazon Web Services | PostgreSQL Global Development Group www.postgresql.org/developer | TmaxSoft | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Initial release | 2016 | 2019 | 2021 | 1989 1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL | 2003 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Current release | 2.5.0, January 2023 | 16.3, May 2024 | 6, April 2015 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| License Commercial or Open Source | commercial | Open Source Apache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0 | Open Source Apache Version 2.0 | Open Source BSD | commercial | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cloud-based only Only available as a cloud service | yes | no | no | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Implementation language | C++ | Java | C | C and Assembler | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Server operating systems | hosted | Linux | All OS with a Java VM | FreeBSD HP-UX Linux NetBSD OpenBSD OS X Solaris Unix Windows | AIX HP-UX Linux Solaris Windows | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Data scheme | yes | Strong typed schema | schema-free Flexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistent | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Typing predefined data types such as float or date | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| XML support Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT. | yes | no | yes specific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality. | yes | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary indexes | yes | yes Nebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value. | yes All search fields are automatically indexed | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SQL Support of SQL | yes | SQL-like query language | SQL-like query language | yes standard with numerous extensions | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| APIs and other access methods | JDBC ODBC | Browser interface console (shell) Cypher Query Language GO Object Graph Mapper Java Object Graph Mapper NGBatis ORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-BootProprietary native API Python Object Graph Mapper Query language nGQL | Java API RESTful HTTP/JSON API | ADO.NET JDBC native C library ODBC streaming API for large objects | JDBC ODBC ODP.NET Oracle Call Interface (OCI) Tibero CLI | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Supported programming languages | C Java Perl Python R | .Net C++ Go Java PHP Python | Go Java JavaScript (Node.js) PHP Python Ruby Elasticsearch client | .Net C C++ Delphi Java JDBCJavaScript (Node.js) Perl PHP Python Tcl | C C# C++ Cobol Java Objective-C Perl PHP Python Ruby Visual Basic | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Server-side scripts Stored procedures | yes | user defined functions | yes | user defined functions realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc. | Persistent Stored Procedure (PSM) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Triggers | yes | yes by using the 'percolation' feature | yes | yes | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Partitioning methods Methods for storing different data on different nodes | Sharding Implicit feature of the cloud service | Sharding | Sharding | partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash | horizontal partitioning by range, hash, list or composite | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Replication methods Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes | yes Implicit feature of the cloud service | Causal Clustering using Raft protocol | yes | Source-replica replication other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions | Multi-source replication Source-replica replication | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MapReduce Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods | no | no | no | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consistency concepts Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system | Immediate Consistency | Immediate Consistency | Eventual Consistency Synchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, all | Immediate Consistency | Immediate Consistency | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign keys Referential integrity | yes | yes Relationships in graphs | no | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Transaction concepts Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data | ACID | ACID | no | ACID | ACID | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Concurrency Support for concurrent manipulation of data | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Durability Support for making data persistent | yes | yes using RocksDB | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In-memory capabilities Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only. | no | yes | no | no planned for next version | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| User concepts Access control | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard | Role-based access control | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard (SQL 92, SQL 99) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| More information provided by the system vendor | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Alibaba Cloud AnalyticDB for PostgreSQL former name was HybridDB | NebulaGraph | OpenSearch | PostgreSQL | Tibero | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Specific characteristics | NebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,... » more | OpenSearch is a highly scalable and extensible open-source software suite for search,... » more | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Competitive advantages | NebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host... » more | Distributed as fully open source under Apache License, Version 2.0 (ALv2), OpenSearch... » more | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Typical application scenarios | Social networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti... » more | The OpenSearch platform is used across a broad range of search , analytics, and observability... » more | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Key customers | Companies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,... » more | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Market metrics | At our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub... » more | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Licensing and pricing models | NebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license. » more | The OpenSearch Project offers open source software licensed under Apache License... » more | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| More resources | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Alibaba Cloud AnalyticDB for PostgreSQL former name was HybridDB | NebulaGraph | OpenSearch | PostgreSQL | Tibero | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Recent citations in the news | Alibaba Cloud upgrades AnalyticDB with vector database engine Two Critical Flaws Found in Alibaba Cloud's PostgreSQL Databases Accidental ‘write’ Permissions In Alibaba PostgreSQL Let Attackers Access Sensitive Data Two critical vulnerabilities spotted in Alibaba Cloud's PostgreSQL databases Alibaba Cloud ignites AI innovation in Singapore with recent hackathon | KrASIA provided by Google News | Vesoft (NebulaGraph) Recognized in the Gartner® Market Guide for Graph Database Management Systems NebulaGraph reaps from China's growing appetite for graph databases NebulaGraph Completes Series A to Scale Its Distributed Graph Database provided by Google News | Modernize your data observability with Amazon OpenSearch Service zero-ETL integration with Amazon S3 | Amazon ... Behind the Scenes: Upgrading OpenSearch efficiency with OCI flexible vertical scaling Optimize storage costs in Amazon OpenSearch Service using Zstandard compression | Amazon Web Services OCI Search with OpenSearch 2.11 delivers easy access to latest AI innovations Simplify your query management with search templates in Amazon OpenSearch Service | Amazon Web Services provided by Google News | PostgreSQL is Now Faster than Pinecone, 75% Cheaper, with New Open Source Extensions Timescale unveils high-performance AI vector database extensions for PostgreSQL PostgreSQL Tutorial: Definition, Commands, & Features Raise the bar on AI-powered app development with Azure Database for PostgreSQL How to implement a better like, views, comment counters in PostgreSQL? provided by Google News | ArkData to Officially Support Domestic Database 'Tibero 7' How to Succeed at Large-Scale Mainframe Replatforming with TmaxSoft OpenFrame on AWS | Amazon Web Services TmaxSoft aims at becoming global leader in database business TmaxSoft shows resilience in battle against Oracle, IBM ArkData's 'Ark for CDC' supports real-time data extraction and replication for Tibero DBMS. provided by Google News | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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