DBMS > Alibaba Cloud AnalyticDB for PostgreSQL vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. HBase vs. KeyDB vs. OpenSearch

System Properties Comparison Alibaba Cloud AnalyticDB for PostgreSQL vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. HBase vs. KeyDB vs. OpenSearch

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

An online MPP (Massively Parallel Processing) data warehousing service based on Greenplum

A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.

Wide-column store based on Apache Hadoop and on concepts of BigTable

An ultra-fast, open source Key-value store fully compatible with Redis API, modules, and protocols

A distributed, RESTful search and analytics engine forked from Elasticsearch and based on Apache Lucene

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Vector DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.68
Rank	#231	Overall
	#105	Relational DBMS

Score	2.89
Rank	#103	Overall
	#52	Relational DBMS

Score	30.50
Rank	#26	Overall
	#2	Wide column stores

Score	0.71
Rank	#226	Overall
	#33	Key-value stores

Score	16.36
Rank	#37	Overall
	#4	Search engines

Website

www.alibabacloud.com/product/hybriddb-postgresql

cloud.google.com/spanner

hbase.apache.org

github.com/Snapchat/KeyDB
keydb.dev

github.com/opensearch-project
opensearch.org

Technical documentation

www.alibabacloud.com/help/en/analyticdb-for-postgresql/latest/product-introduction-overview

cloud.google.com/spanner/docs

hbase.apache.org/book.html

docs.keydb.dev

opensearch.org/docs/latest

Developer

Alibaba / Pivotal Software Inc. / PostgreSQL Global Development Group

Google

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Powerset

EQ Alpha Technology Ltd.

Amazon Web Services

Initial release

2016

2017

2008

2019

2021

Current release

2.3.4, January 2021

2.5.0, January 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache version 2

Open Source

BSD-3

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

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Implementation language

Java

C++

Java

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux
Unix
Windows

using Cygwin

Linux

All OS with a Java VM

Data scheme

yes

schema-free, schema definition possible

schema-free

Flexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistent

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

options to bring your own types, AVRO

partial

Supported data types are strings, hashes, lists, sets and sorted sets, bit arrays, hyperloglogs and geospatial indexes

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

by using the Redis Search module

yes

All search fields are automatically indexed

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

Query statements complying to ANSI 2011

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC

At present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API

Java API
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift

Proprietary protocol

RESP - REdis Serialization Protoco

Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

C
Java
Perl
Python
R

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

C
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Crystal
D
Dart
Elixir
Erlang
Fancy
Go
Haskell
Haxe
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Pascal
Perl
PHP
Prolog
Pure Data
Python
R
Rebol
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Swift
Tcl
Visual Basic

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Elasticsearch client

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Coprocessors in Java

Lua

yes

Triggers

yes

by using the 'percolation' feature

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Multi-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

using Google Cloud Dataflow

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Strong eventual consistency with CRDTs

Eventual Consistency

Synchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, all

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

by using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrity

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Strict serializable isolation

Single row ACID (across millions of columns)

Optimistic locking, atomic execution of commands blocks and scripts

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

Configurable mechanisms for persistency via snapshots and/or operations logs

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

Access Control Lists (ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC

simple password-based access control and ACL

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

OpenSearch is a highly scalable and extensible open-source software suite for search,...
» more

Competitive advantages

Distributed as fully open source under Apache License, Version 2.0 (ALv2), OpenSearch...
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Typical application scenarios

The OpenSearch platform is used across a broad range of search , analytics, and observability...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

The OpenSearch Project offers open source software licensed under Apache License...
» more

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