DBMS > Alibaba Cloud AnalyticDB for PostgreSQL vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. GraphDB vs. MariaDB vs. RavenDB

System Properties Comparison Alibaba Cloud AnalyticDB for PostgreSQL vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. GraphDB vs. MariaDB vs. RavenDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

An online MPP (Massively Parallel Processing) data warehousing service based on Greenplum

Cloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.

Enterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.

MySQL application compatible open source RDBMS, enhanced with high availability, security, interoperability and performance capabilities. MariaDB ColumnStore provides a column-oriented storage engine and MariaDB Xpand supports distributed SQL.

Open Source Operational and Transactional Enterprise NoSQL Document Database

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS

with OQGraph storage engine
Spatial DBMS

Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.79
Rank	#213	Overall
	#101	Relational DBMS

Score	13.60
Rank	#39	Overall
	#6	Document stores

Score	2.76
Rank	#99	Overall
	#8	Graph DBMS
	#4	RDF stores

Score	83.44
Rank	#15	Overall
	#10	Relational DBMS

Score	2.68
Rank	#102	Overall
	#19	Document stores

Website

www.alibabacloud.com/product/hybriddb-postgresql

firebase.google.com/products/realtime-database

www.ontotext.com

mariadb.com

Site of MariaDB Corporation
mariadb.org

Site of MariaDB Foundation

ravendb.net

Technical documentation

www.alibabacloud.com/help/en/analyticdb-for-postgresql/latest/product-introduction-overview

firebase.google.com/docs/database

graphdb.ontotext.com/documentation

mariadb.com/kb/en/library

ravendb.net/docs

Social network pages

Developer

Alibaba / Pivotal Software Inc. / PostgreSQL Global Development Group

Google

acquired by Google 2014

Ontotext

MariaDB Corporation Ab (MariaDB Enterprise),
MariaDB Foundation (community MariaDB Server)

The lead developer Monty Widenius is the original author of MySQL

Hibernating Rhinos

Initial release

2016

2012

2000

2009

Fork of MySQL, which was first released in 1995

2010

Current release

10.4, October 2023

11.5.2, August 2024

5.4, July 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Some plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourced

Open Source

GPL version 2, commercial enterprise subscription available

Open Source

AGPL version 3, commercial license available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

STACKIT MariaDB offers MariaDB in a fully managed version in enterprise grade, 100% GDPR-compliant.

Implementation language

Java

C and C++

Server operating systems

hosted

All OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows

FreeBSD
Linux
Solaris
Windows

ColumnStore storage engine not available on Windows

Linux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapes

yes

Dynamic columns are supported

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

yes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

stored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBC

yes

with proprietary extensions

SQL-like query language (RQL)

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

Android
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API

GeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

.NET Client API
F# Client API
Go Client API
Java Client API
NodeJS Client API
PHP Client API
Python Client API
RESTful HTTP API

Supported programming languages

C
Java
Perl
Python
R

Java
JavaScript
Objective-C

.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Eiffel
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

.Net
C#
F#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

limited functionality with using 'rules'

well-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibility

yes

PL/SQL compatibility added with version 10.3

yes

Triggers

yes

Callbacks are triggered when data changes

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

none

several options for horizontal partitioning and Sharding

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Multi-source replication

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Multi-source replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

if the client is offline
Immediate Consistency

if the client is online

Immediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)

Immediate Consistency

Default ACID transactions on the local node (eventually consistent across the cluster). Atomic operations with cluster-wide ACID transactions. Eventual consistency for indexes and full-text search indexes.

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Constraint checking

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

yes

ACID

not for MyISAM storage engine

ACID, Cluster-wide transaction available

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

not for in-memory storage engine

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

with MEMORY storage engine

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

yes, based on authentication and database rules

Default Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Authorization levels configured per client per database

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Ontotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
» more

MariaDB is the most powerful open source relational database – modern SQL and JSON...
» more

Competitive advantages

GraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more

MariaDB Servers have many features unavailable in other open source relational databases....
» more

Typical application scenarios

Metadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more

Web, SaaS and Cloud operational applications that require high availability, scalability...
» more

Key customers

GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
» more

Deutsche Bank, DBS Bank, Nasdaq, Red Hat, ServiceNow, Verizon and Walgreens Featured...
» more

Market metrics

GraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more

MariaDB is the default database in the LAMP stack supplied by Red Hat and SUSE Linux,...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

GraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more

MariaDB plc subscriptions cover our free, open source database, Community Server,...
» more

News

GraphDB in Action: Using Semantics To Push The Envelope Of Software Engineering, Machine Learning, and E-Health Domains
11 September 2024

Accelerating End-to-end Knowledge Graph Solutions with Ontotext’s LinkedLifeData Inventory: The Case of Target Discovery
30 August 2024

Using Entity Linking to Turn Your Graph into a Knowledge Graph
23 August 2024

Considerations to Creating a Graph Center of Excellence: 5 Elements to Ensure Success
22 August 2024

The Power of Knowledge Graphs – A Chat with Perfect Memory and Ontotext
16 August 2024

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.