DBMS > Alibaba Cloud AnalyticDB for PostgreSQL vs. Citus vs. PostgreSQL vs. Quasardb vs. Titan
System Properties Comparison Alibaba Cloud AnalyticDB for PostgreSQL vs. Citus vs. PostgreSQL vs. Quasardb vs. Titan
| Editorial information provided by DB-Engines | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Name | Alibaba Cloud AnalyticDB for PostgreSQL  former name was HybridDB Xexclude from comparison | Citus Xexclude from comparison | PostgreSQL Xexclude from comparison | Quasardb Xexclude from comparison | Titan Xexclude from comparison | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Titan has been decommisioned after the takeover by Datastax. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking. A fork has been open-sourced as JanusGraph. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Description | An online MPP (Massively Parallel Processing) data warehousing service based on Greenplum | Scalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQL | Widely used open source RDBMS Developed as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL | Distributed, high-performance timeseries database | Titan is a Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Primary database model | Relational DBMS | Relational DBMS | Relational DBMS with object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module. | Time Series DBMS | Graph DBMS | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary database models | Document store | Document store Graph DBMS with Apache AgeSpatial DBMS Vector DBMS with pgvector extension | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Website | www.alibabacloud.com/product/hybriddb-postgresql | www.citusdata.com | www.postgresql.org | quasar.ai | github.com/thinkaurelius/titan | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Technical documentation | www.alibabacloud.com/help/en/analyticdb-for-postgresql/latest/product-introduction-overview | docs.citusdata.com | www.postgresql.org/docs | doc.quasar.ai/master | github.com/thinkaurelius/titan/wiki | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Developer | Alibaba / Pivotal Software Inc. / PostgreSQL Global Development Group | PostgreSQL Global Development Group www.postgresql.org/developer | quasardb | Aurelius, owned by DataStax | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Initial release | 2016 | 2010 | 1989 1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL | 2009 | 2012 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Current release | 8.1, December 2018 | 16.4, August 2024 | 3.14.1, January 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| License Commercial or Open Source | commercial | Open Source AGPL, commercial license also available | Open Source BSD | commercial Free community edition, Non-profit organizations and non-commercial usage are eligible for free licenses | Open Source Apache license, version 2.0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cloud-based only Only available as a cloud service | yes | no | no | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) Database as a Service Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed. | PostgreSQL Flex @ STACKIT offers managed PostgreSQL Instances with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed and several extensions available, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All 100% GDPR-compliant. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Implementation language | C | C | C++ | Java | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Server operating systems | hosted | Linux | FreeBSD HP-UX Linux NetBSD OpenBSD OS X Solaris Unix Windows | BSD Linux OS X Windows | Linux OS X Unix Windows | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Data scheme | yes | yes | yes | schema-free | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Typing predefined data types such as float or date | yes | yes | yes | yes integer and binary | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| XML support Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT. | yes | yes specific XML type available, but no XML query functionality | yes specific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality. | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary indexes | yes | yes | yes | yes with tags | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SQL Support of SQL | yes | yes standard, with numerous extensions | yes standard with numerous extensions | SQL-like query language | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| APIs and other access methods | JDBC ODBC | ADO.NET JDBC native C library ODBC streaming API for large objects | ADO.NET JDBC native C library ODBC streaming API for large objects | HTTP API | Java API TinkerPop Blueprints TinkerPop Frames TinkerPop Gremlin TinkerPop Rexster | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Supported programming languages | C Java Perl Python R | .Net C C++ Delphi Java JavaScript (Node.js) Perl PHP Python Tcl | .Net C C++ Delphi Java JDBCJavaScript (Node.js) Perl PHP Python Tcl | .Net C C# C++ Go Java JavaScript (Node.js) PHP Python R | Clojure Java Python | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Server-side scripts Stored procedures | yes | user defined functions realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc. | user defined functions realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc. | no | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Triggers | yes | yes | yes | no | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Partitioning methods Methods for storing different data on different nodes | Sharding Implicit feature of the cloud service | Sharding | partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash | Sharding consistent hashing | yes via pluggable storage backends | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Replication methods Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes | yes Implicit feature of the cloud service | Source-replica replication other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions | Source-replica replication other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions | Source-replica replication with selectable replication factor | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MapReduce Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods | no | no | no | with Hadoop integration | yes via Faunus, a graph analytics engine | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consistency concepts Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system | Immediate Consistency | Immediate Consistency | Immediate Consistency | Immediate Consistency | Eventual Consistency Immediate Consistency | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign keys Referential integrity | yes | yes | yes | no | yes Relationships in graph | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Transaction concepts Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data | ACID | ACID | ACID | ACID | ACID | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Concurrency Support for concurrent manipulation of data | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Durability Support for making data persistent | yes | yes | yes | yes by using LevelDB | yes Supports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcast | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In-memory capabilities Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only. | no | no | no | yes Transient mode | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| User concepts Access control | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard | Cryptographically strong user authentication and audit trail | User authentification and security via Rexster Graph Server | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| More resources | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Alibaba Cloud AnalyticDB for PostgreSQL former name was HybridDB | Citus | PostgreSQL | Quasardb | Titan | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DB-Engines blog posts | PostgreSQL is the DBMS of the Year 2023 Snowflake is the DBMS of the Year 2022, defending the title from last year Snowflake is the DBMS of the Year 2021 | Graph DBMS increased their popularity by 500% within the last 2 years Graph DBMSs are gaining in popularity faster than any other database category PASS Data Community Summit Alibaba Cloud upgrades AnalyticDB with vector database engine Two Critical Flaws Found in Alibaba Cloud's PostgreSQL Databases Alibaba Cloud to spur AI innovation with upcoming Singapore hackathon in March Experts disclosed two critical flaws in Alibaba cloud database services The Evolution of Online Analytics from Alibaba Economy Ecosystem to the Cloud provided by Google News Microsoft acquires Citus Data, re-affirming its commitment to Open Source and accelerating Azure PostgreSQL performance and scale Ubicloud wants to build an open source alternative to AWS Microsoft acquires Citus Data, creators of a cloud-friendly version of the PostgreSQL database Microsoft acquires another open-source company, Citus Data Citus Data Announces Citus Cloud Database Support for HIPAA and SOC 2 Type 2 Compliance provided by Google News YugabyteDB 2.19 gets new PostgreSQL-compatibility features YugabyteDB evolves into a distributed PostgreSQL database for apps that need resilience and scale Intel Demonstrates Up To 48% Improvement For AVX-512 Optimized PostgreSQL PostgreSQL in line for DuckDB-shaped boost in analytics arena PostgreSQL databases under attack provided by Google News NVIDIA to Present Innovations at Hot Chips That Boost Data Center Performance and Energy Efficiency Webb captures a staggering quasar-galaxy merger in the remote universe When a Quasar Remote Access Tool Falls Into the Wrong Hands Record quasar is most luminous object in the universe Hubble Unexpectedly Finds Double Quasar in Distant Universe provided by Google News Amazon DynamoDB Storage Backend for Titan: Distributed Graph Database DataStax acquires Aurelius, the startup behind the Titan graph database DSE Graph review: Graph database does double duty Beyond Titan: The Evolution of DataStax’s New Graph Database Database Deep Dives: JanusGraph provided by Google News | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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