DBMS > Alibaba Cloud AnalyticDB for PostgreSQL vs. Citus vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. RocksDB vs. RRDtool

System Properties Comparison Alibaba Cloud AnalyticDB for PostgreSQL vs. Citus vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. RocksDB vs. RRDtool

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

An online MPP (Massively Parallel Processing) data warehousing service based on Greenplum

Scalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQL

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

Embeddable persistent key-value store optimized for fast storage (flash and RAM)

Industry standard data logging and graphing tool for time series data. RRD is an acronym for round-robin database.

The data is stored in a circular buffer, thus the system storage footprint remains constant over time.

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Time Series DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.68
Rank	#231	Overall
	#105	Relational DBMS

Score	2.21
Rank	#118	Overall
	#56	Relational DBMS

Score	824.29
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	3.65
Rank	#85	Overall
	#11	Key-value stores

Score	1.87
Rank	#136	Overall
	#11	Time Series DBMS

Website

www.alibabacloud.com/product/hybriddb-postgresql

www.citusdata.com

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

rocksdb.org

oss.oetiker.ch/rrdtool

Technical documentation

www.alibabacloud.com/help/en/analyticdb-for-postgresql/latest/product-introduction-overview

docs.citusdata.com

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

github.com/facebook/rocksdb/wiki

oss.oetiker.ch/rrdtool/doc

Developer

Alibaba / Pivotal Software Inc. / PostgreSQL Global Development Group

Microsoft

Facebook, Inc.

Tobias Oetiker

Initial release

2016

2010

1989

2013

1999

Current release

8.1, December 2018

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

8.11.4, April 2024

1.8.0, 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

AGPL, commercial license also available

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

BSD

Open Source

GPL V2 and FLOSS

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

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Implementation language

C++

Implementations in Java (e.g. RRD4J) and C# available

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux

Linux
Windows

Linux

HP-UX
Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

Numeric data only

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

specific XML type available, but no XML query functionality

yes

Exporting into and restoring from XML files possible

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

standard, with numerous extensions

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

C++ API
Java API

in-process shared library
Pipes

Supported programming languages

C
Java
Perl
Python
R

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

C
C++
Go
Java
Perl
Python
Ruby

with librrd library
C#

with a different implementation of RRDTool
Java

with a different implementation of RRDTool
JavaScript (Node.js)

with a different implementation of RRDTool
Lua
Perl
PHP

with a wrapper library
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions

realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Sharding

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

horizontal partitioning

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Source-replica replication

other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

yes

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

none

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

yes

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

by using the rrdcached daemon

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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