DBMS > AlaSQL vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. NebulaGraph vs. Stardog vs. TerminusDB

System Properties Comparison AlaSQL vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. NebulaGraph vs. Stardog vs. TerminusDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

JavaScript DBMS library

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

A distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMS

Enterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization

Scalable Graph Database platform making enterprise data available by exploiting inferred entities and relationships

Primary database model

Document store
Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Graph DBMS

Graph DBMS
RDF store

Graph DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

Document store
RDF store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.46
Rank	#260	Overall
	#40	Document stores
	#121	Relational DBMS

Score	29.04
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Score	2.14
Rank	#120	Overall
	#10	Graph DBMS

Score	2.02
Rank	#123	Overall
	#11	Graph DBMS
	#6	RDF stores

Score	0.17
Rank	#325	Overall
	#29	Graph DBMS

Website

alasql.org

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula
www.nebula-graph.io

www.stardog.com

terminusdb.com

Technical documentation

github.com/AlaSQL/alasql

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

docs.nebula-graph.io

docs.stardog.com

terminusdb.github.io/terminusdb/#

Developer

Andrey Gershun & Mathias R. Wulff

Microsoft

Vesoft Inc.

Stardog-Union

DataChemist Ltd.

Initial release

2014

2019

2010

2018

Current release

7.3.0, May 2020

11.0.0, January 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

MIT-License

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0

commercial

60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students

Open Source

GPL V3

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

JavaScript

C++

Java

Prolog, Rust

Server operating systems

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

hosted

Linux

Linux
macOS
Windows

Linux

Data scheme

schema-free

Strong typed schema

schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Import/export of XML data possible

Secondary indexes

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

yes

Nebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.

yes

supports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial

SQL

Support of SQL

Close to SQL99, but no user access control, stored procedures and host language bindings.

SQL-like query language

Yes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server

SQL-like query language (WOQL)

APIs and other access methods

JavaScript API

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis

ORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL

GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3

OWL
RESTful HTTP API
WOQL (Web Object Query Language)

Supported programming languages

JavaScript

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python

.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby

JavaScript
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

JavaScript

user defined functions

user defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java

yes

Triggers

yes

JavaScript

yes

via event handlers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Sharding

none

Graph Partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Causal Clustering using Raft protocol

Multi-source replication in HA-Cluster

Journaling Streams

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

none

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency in HA-Cluster

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

yes

relationships in graphs

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

yes

only for local storage and DOM-storage

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

by using IndexedDB, SQL.JS or proprietary FileStorage

yes

using RocksDB

yes

in-memory journaling

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

Role-based access control

Access rights for users and roles

Role-based access control

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

NebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
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Competitive advantages

NebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
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Typical application scenarios

Social networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
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Key customers

Companies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
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Market metrics

At our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

NebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more

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