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DBMS > AlaSQL vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. PostgreSQL vs. StarRocks

System Properties Comparison AlaSQL vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. PostgreSQL vs. StarRocks

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAlaSQL  Xexclude from comparisonFirebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonStarRocks  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionJavaScript DBMS libraryCloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platformWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLAn open source, high-performance columnar analytical database that enables real-time, multi-dimensional, and highly concurrent data analytics infoForked from Apache Doris
Primary database modelDocument store
Relational DBMS
Document storeRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.46
Rank#260  Overall
#40  Document stores
#121  Relational DBMS
Score14.29
Rank#39  Overall
#6  Document stores
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score1.04
Rank#189  Overall
#88  Relational DBMS
Websitealasql.orgfirebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-databaseazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.postgresql.orgwww.starrocks.io
Technical documentationgithub.com/­AlaSQL/­alasqlfirebase.google.com/­docs/­databasedocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerwww.postgresql.org/­docsdocs.starrocks.io/­en-us/­latest/­introduction/­StarRocks_intro
DeveloperAndrey Gershun & Mathias R. WulffGoogle infoacquired by Google 2014MicrosoftPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerThe Linux Foundation infosince Feb 2023
Initial release2014201220191989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2020
Current releasecloud service with continuous releases16.3, May 20242.5.3, March 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT-LicensecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaScriptCC++, Java
Server operating systemsserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)hostedhostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesnoyesall fields are automatically indexedyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLClose to SQL99, but no user access control, stored procedures and host language bindings.noKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyes
APIs and other access methodsJavaScript APIAndroid
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JDBC
MySQL protocol
Supported programming languagesJavaScriptJava
JavaScript
Objective-C
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnolimited functionality with using 'rules'Yes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ruser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.user defined functions
TriggersyesCallbacks are triggered when data changesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashhorizontal partitioning (by range and hash)
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Source-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemnoneEventual Consistency infoif the client is offline
Immediate Consistency infoif the client is online
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datayes infoonly for local storage and DOM-storageyesnoACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infoby using IndexedDB, SQL.JS or proprietary FileStorageyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnonono
User concepts infoAccess controlnoyes, based on authentication and database rulesAzure Active Directory Authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole based access control and fine grained access rights

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More resources
AlaSQLFirebase Realtime DatabaseMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerPostgreSQLStarRocks
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