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DBMS > AlaSQL vs. Apache Impala vs. DuckDB vs. Neo4j vs. Oracle Berkeley DB

System Properties Comparison AlaSQL vs. Apache Impala vs. DuckDB vs. Neo4j vs. Oracle Berkeley DB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAlaSQL  Xexclude from comparisonApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Berkeley DB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionJavaScript DBMS libraryAnalytic DBMS for HadoopAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsWidely used in-process key-value store
Primary database modelDocument store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMSKey-value store infosupports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS infoin the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.46
Rank#260  Overall
#40  Document stores
#121  Relational DBMS
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score4.57
Rank#74  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Score44.46
Rank#23  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score2.21
Rank#117  Overall
#20  Key-value stores
#3  Native XML DBMS
Websitealasql.orgimpala.apache.orgduckdb.orgneo4j.comwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­berkeleydb.html
Technical documentationgithub.com/­AlaSQL/­alasqlimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlduckdb.org/­docsneo4j.com/­docsdocs.oracle.com/­cd/­E17076_05/­html/­index.html
DeveloperAndrey Gershun & Mathias R. WulffApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaNeo4j, Inc.Oracle infooriginally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by Oracle
Initial release20142013201820071994
Current release4.1.0, June 20220.10, February 20245.19, April 202418.1.40, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT-LicenseOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availableOpen Source infocommercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageJavaScriptC++C++Java, ScalaC, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)
Server operating systemsserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)Linuxserver-lessLinux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
AIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesschema-free and schema-optionalschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes infoonly with the Berkeley DB XML edition
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLClose to SQL99, but no user access control, stored procedures and host language bindings.SQL-like DML and DDL statementsyesnoyes infoSQL interfaced based on SQLite is available
APIs and other access methodsJavaScript APIJDBC
ODBC
Arrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesJavaScriptAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net infoFigaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others infoThird-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenoyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functionsno
Triggersyesnonoyes infovia event handleryes infoonly for the SQL API
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnoneyes using Neo4j Fabricnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneselectable replication factornoneCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlySource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infoquery execution via MapReducenonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemnoneEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyes infoRelationships in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datayes infoonly for local storage and DOM-storagenoACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infoby using IndexedDB, SQL.JS or proprietary FileStorageyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosnoUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)no
More information provided by the system vendor
AlaSQLApache ImpalaDuckDBNeo4jOracle Berkeley DB
Specific characteristicsNeo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesNeo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Typical application scenariosReal-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customersOver 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsNeo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
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