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DBMS > AgensGraph vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. PostgreSQL vs. SAP HANA vs. SurrealDB

System Properties Comparison AgensGraph vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. PostgreSQL vs. SAP HANA vs. SurrealDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAgensGraph  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSAP HANA  Xexclude from comparisonSurrealDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionMulti-model database supporting relational and graph data models and built upon PostgreSQLMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLIn-memory, column based data store. Available as appliance or cloud serviceA fully ACID transactional, developer-friendly, multi-model DBMS
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith SAP Hana, Enterprise Edition
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.23
Rank#315  Overall
#26  Graph DBMS
#140  Relational DBMS
Score821.56
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score44.27
Rank#23  Overall
#16  Relational DBMS
Score1.02
Rank#190  Overall
#33  Document stores
#18  Graph DBMS
Websitebitnine.net/­agensgraphwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverwww.postgresql.orgwww.sap.com/­products/­hana.htmlsurrealdb.com
Technical documentationbitnine.net/­documentationlearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverwww.postgresql.org/­docshelp.sap.com/­hanasurrealdb.com/­docs
DeveloperBitnine Global Inc.MicrosoftPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerSAPSurrealDB Ltd
Initial release201619891989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20102022
Current release2.1, December 2018SQL Server 2022, November 202216.3, May 20242.0 SPS07 (April 4, 2023), April 2023v1.5.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache License 2.0commercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoBSDcommercialOpen Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono infoalso available as a cloud based serviceno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
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Implementation languageCC++CRust
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Appliance or cloud-serviceLinux
macOS
Windows
Data schemedepending on used data modelyesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyesyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyesSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsCypher Query Language
JDBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JDBC
ODBC
GraphQL
RESTful HTTP API
WebSocket
Supported programming languagesC
Java
JavaScript
Python
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Deno
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javauser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.SQLScript, R
Triggersnoyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesno, but can be realized using table inheritancetables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replicationyes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyesyes, based on authentication and database rules

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More resources
AgensGraphMicrosoft SQL ServerPostgreSQLSAP HANASurrealDB
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