DBMS > AgensGraph vs. CockroachDB vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Tarantool

System Properties Comparison AgensGraph vs. CockroachDB vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Tarantool

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Multi-model database supporting relational and graph data models and built upon PostgreSQL

CockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.

Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

In-memory computing platform with a flexible data schema for efficiently building high-performance applications

Primary database model

Graph DBMS
Relational DBMS

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Document store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

with Tarantool/GIS extension

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.23
Rank	#315	Overall
	#26	Graph DBMS
	#140	Relational DBMS

Score	5.73
Rank	#58	Overall
	#34	Relational DBMS

Score	2.25
Rank	#115	Overall
	#19	Key-value stores

Score	27.71
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Score	1.67
Rank	#143	Overall
	#25	Document stores
	#25	Key-value stores
	#65	Relational DBMS

Website

bitnine.net/agensgraph

www.cockroachlabs.com

github.com/google/leveldb

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

www.tarantool.io

Technical documentation

bitnine.net/documentation

www.cockroachlabs.com/docs

github.com/google/leveldb/blob/main/doc/index.md

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

www.tarantool.io/en/doc

Developer

Bitnine Global Inc.

Cockroach Labs

Google

Microsoft

Initial release

2016

2015

2011

2014

2008

Current release

2.1, December 2018

24.1.0, May 2024

1.23, February 2021

2.10.0, May 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache License 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0, commercial license available

Open Source

BSD

commercial

Open Source

BSD-2, source-available extensions (modules), commercial licenses for Tarantool Enterprise

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

C and C++

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
macOS
Windows

Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows

hosted

BSD
Linux
macOS

Data scheme

depending on used data model

dynamic schema

schema-free

Flexible data schema: relational definition for tables with ability to store json-like documents in columns

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON types

string, double, decimal, uuid, integer, blob, boolean, datetime

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

yes, wire compatible with PostgreSQL

SQL-like query language

Full-featured ANSI SQL support

APIs and other access methods

Cypher Query Language
JDBC

JDBC

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

Open binary protocol

Supported programming languages

C
Java
JavaScript
Python

C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust

C++
Go
Java

3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Python

3rd party binding

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

C
C#
C++
Erlang
Go
Java
JavaScript
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Rust

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

JavaScript

Lua, C and SQL stored procedures

Triggers

JavaScript

yes, before/after data modification events, on replication events, client session events

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

no, but can be realized using table inheritance

horizontal partitioning (by key range)

all tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFT

none

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Sharding, partitioned with virtual buckets by user defined affinity key. Live resharding for scale up and scale down without maintenance downtime.

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Source-replica replication

Multi-source replication using RAFT

none

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Asynchronous replication with multi-master option
Configurable replication topology (full-mesh, chain, star)
Synchronous quorum replication (with Raft)

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Casual consistency across sharding partitions
Eventual consistency within replicaset partition

when using asyncronous replication
Immediate Consistency within single instance
Sequential consistency including linearizable read within replicaset partition

when using Raft

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

ACID, with serializable isolation and linearizable read (within partition); Configurable MVCC (within partition); No cross-shard distributed transactions

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, cooperative multitasking

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with automatic compression on writes

yes

yes, write ahead logging

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes, full featured in-memory storage engine with persistence

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Role-based access control

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

Access Control Lists
Mutual TLS authentication for Tarantol Enterprise
Password based authentication
Role-based access control (RBAC) and LDAP for Tarantol Enterprise
Users and Roles

More information provided by the system vendor

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.