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DBMS > AgensGraph vs. Apache IoTDB vs. CouchDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison AgensGraph vs. Apache IoTDB vs. CouchDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAgensGraph  Xexclude from comparisonApache IoTDB  Xexclude from comparisonCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionMulti-model database supporting relational and graph data models and built upon PostgreSQLAn IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and FlinkA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.Widely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Document store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extensionDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.20
Rank#321  Overall
#27  Graph DBMS
#143  Relational DBMS
Score1.18
Rank#173  Overall
#15  Time Series DBMS
Score9.30
Rank#45  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websitebitnine.net/­agensgraphiotdb.apache.orgcouchdb.apache.orgwww.postgresql.orggithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationbitnine.net/­documentationiotdb.apache.org/­UserGuide/­Master/­QuickStart/­QuickStart.htmldocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stablewww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperBitnine Global Inc.Apache Software FoundationApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer8Kdata
Initial release2016201820051989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2016
Current release2.1, December 20181.1.0, April 20233.3.3, December 202316.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache License 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoBSDOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCJavaErlangCJava
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)Android
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
All OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemedepending on used data modelyesschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infovia viewsyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesSQL-like query languagenoyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsCypher Query Language
JDBC
JDBC
Native API
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesC
Java
JavaScript
Python
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala
C
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyesView functions in JavaScriptuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
Triggersnoyesyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesno, but can be realized using table inheritancehorizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)Sharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replicationselectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicasMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Source-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoIntegration with Hadoop and Sparkyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft
Eventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnono infoatomic operations within a single document possibleACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyesAccess rights for users can be defined per databasefine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
AgensGraphApache IoTDBCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"PostgreSQLToroDB
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