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DBMS > AgensGraph vs. AlaSQL vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. LeanXcale vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison AgensGraph vs. AlaSQL vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. LeanXcale vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAgensGraph  Xexclude from comparisonAlaSQL  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonLeanXcale  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionMulti-model database supporting relational and graph data models and built upon PostgreSQLJavaScript DBMS libraryA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.A highly scalable full ACID SQL database with fast NoSQL data ingestion and GIS capabilitiesVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
Relational DBMS
Document store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMSKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.23
Rank#315  Overall
#26  Graph DBMS
#140  Relational DBMS
Score0.51
Rank#256  Overall
#40  Document stores
#118  Relational DBMS
Score2.84
Rank#100  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score0.36
Rank#280  Overall
#40  Key-value stores
#129  Relational DBMS
Score4.27
Rank#73  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#39  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitebitnine.net/­agensgraphalasql.orgcloud.google.com/­spannerwww.leanxcale.comvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationbitnine.net/­documentationgithub.com/­AlaSQL/­alasqlcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperBitnine Global Inc.Andrey Gershun & Mathias R. WulffGoogleLeanXcaleOpenLink Software
Initial release20162014201720151998
Current release2.1, December 20187.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache License 2.0Open Source infoMIT-LicensecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCJavaScriptC
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)hostedAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemedepending on used data modelschema-freeyesyesyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesClose to SQL99, but no user access control, stored procedures and host language bindings.yes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yes infothrough Apache Derbyyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsCypher Query Language
JDBC
JavaScript APIgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
proprietary key/value interface
Spark Connector
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesC
Java
JavaScript
Python
JavaScriptGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
Java
Scala
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnonoyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersnoyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesno, but can be realized using table inheritancenoneShardingyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replicationnoneMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Chain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencynoneImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDyes infoonly for local storage and DOM-storageACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infoby using IndexedDB, SQL.JS or proprietary FileStorageyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Fine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
AgensGraphAlaSQLGoogle Cloud SpannerLeanXcaleVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale โ€” as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosUsed for โ€” Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including โ€” European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base โ€‹of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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More resources
AgensGraphAlaSQLGoogle Cloud SpannerLeanXcaleVirtuoso
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