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DBMS > Adabas vs. CrateDB vs. Neo4j vs. PostgreSQL vs. TinkerGraph

System Properties Comparison Adabas vs. CrateDB vs. Neo4j vs. PostgreSQL vs. TinkerGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAdabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"  Xexclude from comparisonCrateDB  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonTinkerGraph  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOLTP - DBMS for mainframes and Linux/Unix/Windows environments infoused typically together with the Natural programming platformDistributed Database based on LuceneScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLA lightweight, in-memory graph engine that serves as a reference implementation of the TinkerPop3 API
Primary database modelMultivalue DBMSDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Graph DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Graph DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.17
Rank#94  Overall
#1  Multivalue DBMS
Score0.73
Rank#224  Overall
#37  Document stores
#5  Spatial DBMS
#16  Search engines
#19  Time Series DBMS
#8  Vector DBMS
Score44.46
Rank#23  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score0.08
Rank#348  Overall
#35  Graph DBMS
Websitewww.softwareag.com/­en_corporate/­platform/­adabas-natural.htmlcratedb.comneo4j.comwww.postgresql.orgtinkerpop.apache.org/­docs/­current/­reference/­#tinkergraph-gremlin
Technical documentationcratedb.com/­docsneo4j.com/­docswww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperSoftware AGCrateNeo4j, Inc.PostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release1971201320071989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2009
Current release5.20, May 202416.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen SourceOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
CrateDB Cloud: a distributed SQL database that spreads data and processing across an elastic cluster of shared nothing nodes. CrateDB Cloud enables data insights at scale on Microsoft Azure, AWS and Google Cloud Platform.Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
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Implementation languageJavaJava, ScalaCJava
Server operating systemsBS2000
Linux
Unix
Windows
z/OS
z/VSE
All Operating Systems, including Kubernetes with CrateDB Kubernetes Operator supportLinux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)schema-free and schema-optionalyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infowith add-on product Adabas SQL Gatewayyes, but no triggers and constraints, and PostgreSQL compatibilitynoyes infostandard with numerous extensionsno
APIs and other access methodsHTTP API infowith add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
SOAP-based API infowith add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Prometheus Remote Read/Write
RESTful HTTP API
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesNatural.NET
Erlang
Go infocommunity maintained client
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) infocommunity maintained client
Perl infocommunity maintained client
PHP
Python
R
Ruby infocommunity maintained client
Scala infocommunity maintained client
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Groovy
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin Naturaluser defined functions (Javascript)yes infoUser defined Procedures and Functionsuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.no
Triggersnonoyes infovia event handleryesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyes, with additonal products like Adabas Cluster Services, Adabas Parallel Services, Adabas VistaShardingyes using Neo4j Fabricpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, with add-on product Event ReplicatorConfigurable replication on table/partition-levelCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlySource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Read-after-write consistency on record level
Causal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Immediate Consistencynone
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes infoRelationships in graphsyesyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infounique row identifiers can be used for implementing an optimistic concurrency control strategyACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesno
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesoptional
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlonly with OS-specific tools (e.g. IBM RACF, CA Top Secret)rights management via user accountsUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno
More information provided by the system vendor
Adabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"CrateDBNeo4jPostgreSQLTinkerGraph
Specific characteristicsThe enterprise database for time series, documents, and vectors. Distributed - Native...
» more
Neo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesResponse time in milliseconds: e ven for complex ad-hoc queries. Massive scaling...
» more
Neo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Typical application scenarios​ IoT: accelerate your IIoT projects with CrateDB, delivering real-time analytics...
» more
Real-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customersAcross all continents, CrateDB is used by companies of all sizes to meet the most...
» more
Over 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsThe CrateDB open source project was started in 2013 Honorable Mention in 2021 Gartner®...
» more
Neo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsSee CrateDB pricing >
» more
GPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
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