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DBMS > Adabas vs. CrateDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Neo4j vs. Oracle Berkeley DB

System Properties Comparison Adabas vs. CrateDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Neo4j vs. Oracle Berkeley DB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAdabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"  Xexclude from comparisonCrateDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Berkeley DB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOLTP - DBMS for mainframes and Linux/Unix/Windows environments infoused typically together with the Natural programming platformDistributed Database based on LuceneMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsWidely used in-process key-value store
Primary database modelMultivalue DBMSDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Relational DBMSGraph DBMSKey-value store infosupports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS infoin the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.54
Rank#104  Overall
#1  Multivalue DBMS
Score0.64
Rank#225  Overall
#37  Document stores
#5  Spatial DBMS
#16  Search engines
#19  Time Series DBMS
#12  Vector DBMS
Score799.81
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score42.70
Rank#21  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score1.91
Rank#121  Overall
#20  Key-value stores
#3  Native XML DBMS
Websitewww.softwareag.com/­en_corporate/­platform/­adabas-natural.htmlcratedb.comwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverneo4j.comwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­berkeleydb.html
Technical documentationcratedb.com/­docslearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverneo4j.com/­docsdocs.oracle.com/­cd/­E17076_05/­html/­index.html
DeveloperSoftware AGCrateMicrosoftNeo4j, Inc.Oracle infooriginally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by Oracle
Initial release19712013198920071994
Current release5.8.1, August 2024SQL Server 2022, November 20225.23, August 202418.1.40, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Sourcecommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availableOpen Source infocommercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
SQLServer Flex @ STACKIT offers a managed version of SQL Server with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All services are 100% GDPR-compliant.Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageJavaC++Java, ScalaC, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)
Server operating systemsBS2000
Linux
Unix
Windows
z/OS
z/VSE
All Operating Systems, including Kubernetes with CrateDB Kubernetes Operator supportLinux
Windows
Linux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
AIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
Data schemeyesFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)yesschema-free and schema-optionalschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesyes infoonly with the Berkeley DB XML edition
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infowith add-on product Adabas SQL Gatewayyes, but no triggers and constraints, and PostgreSQL compatibilityyesnoyes infoSQL interfaced based on SQLite is available
APIs and other access methodsHTTP API infowith add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
SOAP-based API infowith add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Prometheus Remote Read/Write
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesNatural.NET
Erlang
Go infocommunity maintained client
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) infocommunity maintained client
Perl infocommunity maintained client
PHP
Python
R
Ruby infocommunity maintained client
Scala infocommunity maintained client
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net infoFigaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others infoThird-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin Naturaluser defined functions (Javascript)Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javayes infoUser defined Procedures and Functionsno
Triggersnonoyesyes infovia event handleryes infoonly for the SQL API
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyes, with additonal products like Adabas Cluster Services, Adabas Parallel Services, Adabas VistaShardingtables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationyes using Neo4j Fabricnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, with add-on product Event ReplicatorConfigurable replication on table/partition-levelyes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlySource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Read-after-write consistency on record level
Immediate ConsistencyCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyes infoRelationships in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infounique row identifiers can be used for implementing an optimistic concurrency control strategyACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlonly with OS-specific tools (e.g. IBM RACF, CA Top Secret)rights management via user accountsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)no
More information provided by the system vendor
Adabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"CrateDBMicrosoft SQL ServerNeo4jOracle Berkeley DB
Specific characteristicsNeo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesNeo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Typical application scenariosReal-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customersOver 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsNeo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
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