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DBMS > Adabas vs. Apache Impala vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Microsoft SQL Server

System Properties Comparison Adabas vs. Apache Impala vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Microsoft SQL Server

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAdabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"  Xexclude from comparisonApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOLTP - DBMS for mainframes and Linux/Unix/Windows environments infoused typically together with the Natural programming platformAnalytic DBMS for HadoopGlobally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceMicrosofts flagship relational DBMS
Primary database modelMultivalue DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.17
Rank#94  Overall
#1  Multivalue DBMS
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score29.04
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score824.29
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.softwareag.com/­en_corporate/­platform/­adabas-natural.htmlimpala.apache.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dbwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-server
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmllearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dblearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-server
DeveloperSoftware AGApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaMicrosoftMicrosoft
Initial release1971201320141989
Current release4.1.0, June 2022SQL Server 2022, November 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialcommercial inforestricted free version is available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C++
Server operating systemsBS2000
Linux
Unix
Windows
z/OS
z/VSE
LinuxhostedLinux
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infoJSON typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infowith add-on product Adabas SQL GatewaySQL-like DML and DDL statementsSQL-like query languageyes
APIs and other access methodsHTTP API infowith add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
SOAP-based API infowith add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
JDBC
ODBC
DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
Supported programming languagesNaturalAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin Naturalyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceJavaScriptTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java
TriggersnonoJavaScriptyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyes, with additonal products like Adabas Cluster Services, Adabas Parallel Services, Adabas VistaShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicetables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, with add-on product Event Replicatorselectable replication factoryes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infoquery execution via MapReducewith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*no
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlonly with OS-specific tools (e.g. IBM RACF, CA Top Secret)Access rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess rights can be defined down to the item levelfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Adabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"Apache ImpalaMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBMicrosoft SQL Server
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