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DBMS > 4D vs. Spark SQL vs. Tigris vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Spark SQL vs. Tigris vs. ToroDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparisonTigris  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processingA horizontally scalable, ACID transactional, document database available both as a fully managed cloud service and for deployment on self-managed infrastructureA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Key-value store
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Document store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score18.04
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Score0.09
Rank#363  Overall
#49  Document stores
#54  Key-value stores
#22  Search engines
#38  Time Series DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comspark.apache.org/­sqlwww.tigrisdata.comgithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.htmlwww.tigrisdata.com/­docs
Developer4D, IncApache Software FoundationTigris Data, Inc.8Kdata
Initial release1984201420222016
Current releasev20, April 20233.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageScalaJava
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
All OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono
Secondary indexesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like DML and DDL statementsno
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
ODBC
CLI Client
gRPC
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Java
Python
R
Scala
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnono
Triggersyesnonono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneyes, utilizing Spark CoreShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationnoneyesSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes, using FoundationDByes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsnoAccess rights for users and rolesAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionSpark SQLTigrisToroDB
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