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DBMS > 4D vs. Spark SQL vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Spark SQL vs. ToroDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processingA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score18.96
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comspark.apache.org/­sqlgithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.html
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation8Kdata
Initial release198420142016
Current releasev20, April 20233.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageScalaJava
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono
Secondary indexesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like DML and DDL statements
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Java
Python
R
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesno
Triggersyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneyes, utilizing Spark CoreSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationnoneSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsnoAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionSpark SQLToroDB
DB-Engines blog posts

MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis are the winners of the March ranking
2 March 2016, Paul Andlinger

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