DBMS > 4D vs. RocksDB vs. SpaceTime vs. TigerGraph vs. TimescaleDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. RocksDB vs. SpaceTime vs. TigerGraph vs. TimescaleDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Embeddable persistent key-value store optimized for fast storage (flash and RAM)

SpaceTime is a spatio-temporal DBMS with a focus on performance.

A complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-time

A time series DBMS optimized for fast ingest and complex queries, based on PostgreSQL

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	3.65
Rank	#85	Overall
	#11	Key-value stores

Score	0.00
Rank	#383	Overall
	#7	Spatial DBMS

Score	1.83
Rank	#139	Overall
	#13	Graph DBMS

Score	4.64
Rank	#71	Overall
	#4	Time Series DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

rocksdb.org

www.mireo.com/spacetime

www.tigergraph.com

www.timescale.com

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

github.com/facebook/rocksdb/wiki

docs.tigergraph.com

docs.timescale.com

Developer

4D, Inc

Facebook, Inc.

Mireo

Timescale

Initial release

1984

2013

2020

2017

Current release

v20, April 2023

9.2.1, May 2024

2.15.0, May 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

BSD

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

numerics, strings, booleans, arrays, JSON blobs, geospatial dimensions, currencies, binary data, other complex data types

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

A subset of ANSI SQL is implemented

SQL-like query language (GSQL)

yes

full PostgreSQL SQL syntax

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

C++ API
Java API

RESTful HTTP API

GSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C
C++
Go
Java
Perl
Python
Ruby

C#
C++
Python

C++
Java

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java

JDBC
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions, PL/pgSQL, PL/Tcl, PL/Perl, PL/Python, PL/Java, PL/PHP, PL/R, PL/Ruby, PL/Scheme, PL/Unix shell

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

horizontal partitioning

Fixed-grid hypercubes

yes, across time and space (hash partitioning) attributes

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

yes

Real-time block device replication (DRBD)

Source-replica replication with hot standby and reads on replicas

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

yes

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

yes

Role-based access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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