DBMS > 4D vs. eXtremeDB vs. RocksDB vs. SingleStore vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. eXtremeDB vs. RocksDB vs. SingleStore vs. Spark SQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Natively in-memory DBMS with options for persistency, high-availability and clustering

Embeddable persistent key-value store optimized for fast storage (flash and RAM)

MySQL wire-compliant distributed RDBMS that combines an in-memory row-oriented and a disc-based column-oriented storage with patented universal storage to handle transactional and analytical workloads in one single table type

Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	0.74
Rank	#223	Overall
	#103	Relational DBMS
	#18	Time Series DBMS

Score	3.65
Rank	#85	Overall
	#11	Key-value stores

Score	5.60
Rank	#62	Overall
	#35	Relational DBMS

Score	18.96
Rank	#33	Overall
	#20	Relational DBMS

Website

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

www.mcobject.com/docs/extremedb.htm

github.com/facebook/rocksdb/wiki

docs.singlestore.com

spark.apache.org/docs/latest/sql-programming-guide.html

Developer

4D, Inc

McObject

Facebook, Inc.

SingleStore Inc.

Apache Software Foundation

Initial release

1984

2001

2013

2014

Current release

v20, April 2023

8.2, 2021

8.11.4, April 2024

8.5, January 2024

3.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

BSD

commercial

free developer edition available

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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SingleStoreDB Cloud: The world's fastest, modern cloud database for both operational (OLTP) and analytical (OLAP) workloads. Available instantly with multi-cloud and hybrid-cloud capabilities

Implementation language

C and C++

C++

C++, Go

Scala

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows

Linux

64 bit version required

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

support of XML interfaces available

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

with the option: eXtremeSQL

yes

but no triggers and foreign keys

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

.NET Client API
JDBC
JNI
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API

C++ API
Java API

Cluster Management API

as HTTP Rest and CLI
HTTP API
JDBC
MongoDB API
ODBC

JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
Lua
Python
Scala

C
C++
Go
Java
Perl
Python
Ruby

Bash
C
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Java
Python
R
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Triggers

yes

by defining events

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

horizontal partitioning / sharding

horizontal partitioning

Sharding

hash partitioning

yes, utilizing Spark Core

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Active Replication Fabric™ for IoT
Multi-source replication

by means of eXtremeDB Cluster option
Source-replica replication

by means of eXtremeDB High Availability option

yes

Source-replica replication

stores two copies of each physical data partition on two separate nodes

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

can define user-defined aggregate functions for map-reduce-style calculations

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

yes

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Optimistic (MVCC) and pessimistic (locking) strategies available

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

All updates are persistent, including those to disk-based columnstores and memory-based row stores. Transaction commits are supported via write-ahead log.

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Fine grained access control via users, groups and roles

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

eXtremeDB is an in-memory and/or persistent database system that offers an ultra-small...
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SingleStore offers a fully-managed , distributed, highly-scalable SQL database designed...
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Competitive advantages

eXtremeDB databases can be modeled relationally or as objects and can utilize SQL...
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SingleStore’s competitive advantages include: Easy and Simplified Architecture with...
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Typical application scenarios

IoT application across all markets: Industrial Control, Netcom, Telecom, Defense,...
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Driving Fast Analytics: SingleStore delivers the fastest and most scalable reporting...
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Key customers

Schneider Electronics, F5 Networks, TNS, Boeing, Northrop Grumman, GoPro, ViaSat,...
» more

IEX Cloud : Improves Financial Data Distribution Speed 15x with Singlestore DB Comcast,...
» more

Market metrics

With hundreds of customers and over 30 million devices/applications using the product...
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Customers in various industries worldwide including US and International Industry...
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Licensing and pricing models

For server use cases, there is a simple per-server license irrespective of the number...
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F ree Tier and Enterprise Edition
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