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DBMS > 4D vs. QuestDB vs. SingleStore vs. TiDB vs. Yaacomo

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. QuestDB vs. SingleStore vs. TiDB vs. Yaacomo

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonQuestDB  Xexclude from comparisonSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQL  Xexclude from comparisonTiDB  Xexclude from comparisonYaacomo  Xexclude from comparison
Yaacomo seems to be discontinued and is removed from the DB-Engines ranking
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemA high performance open source SQL database for time series dataMySQL wire-compliant distributed RDBMS that combines an in-memory row-oriented and a disc-based column-oriented storage with patented universal storage to handle transactional and analytical workloads in one single table typeTiDB is an open source distributed SQL database that supports Hybrid Transactional/Analytical Processing (HTAP) workloads. It is MySQL compatible and features horizontal scalability, strong consistency, and high availability.OpenCL based in-memory RDBMS, designed for efficiently utilizing the hardware via parallel computing
Primary database modelRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Document store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score2.70
Rank#105  Overall
#8  Time Series DBMS
Score5.38
Rank#62  Overall
#35  Relational DBMS
Score4.25
Rank#74  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comquestdb.iowww.singlestore.compingcap.comyaacomo.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comquestdb.io/­docsdocs.singlestore.comdocs.pingcap.com/­tidb/­stable
Developer4D, IncQuestDB Technology IncSingleStore Inc.PingCAP, Inc.Q2WEB GmbH
Initial release19842014201320162009
Current releasev20, April 20238.5, January 20248.1.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial infofree developer edition availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
SingleStoreDB Cloud: The world's fastest, modern cloud database for both operational (OLTP) and analytical (OLAP) workloads. Available instantly with multi-cloud and hybrid-cloud capabilitiesTiDB Cloud: Fully-managed TiDB Service. Bring everything great about TiDB to the cloud.
Implementation languageJava (Zero-GC), C++, RustC++, GoGo, Rust
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Linux info64 bit version requiredLinuxAndroid
Linux
Windows
Data schemeyesyes infoschema-free via InfluxDB Line Protocolyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononono
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL with time-series extensionsyes infobut no triggers and foreign keysyesyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
HTTP REST
InfluxDB Line Protocol (TCP/UDP)
JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Cluster Management API infoas HTTP Rest and CLI
HTTP API
JDBC
MongoDB API
ODBC
GORM
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
SQLAlchemy
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C infoPostgreSQL driver
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust infoover HTTP
Bash
C
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoyesno
Triggersyesnononoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioning (by timestamps)Sharding infohash partitioninghorizontal partitioning (by key range)horizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationSource-replica replication with eventual consistencySource-replica replication infostores two copies of each physical data partition on two separate nodesUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonono infocan define user-defined aggregate functions for map-reduce-style calculationsyes infowith TiSpark Connectorno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyes infofull support since version 6.6yes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID for single-table writesACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infoAll updates are persistent, including those to disk-based columnstores and memory-based row stores. Transaction commits are supported via write-ahead log.yesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infothrough memory mapped filesyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsFine grained access control via users, groups and rolesFine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionQuestDBSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQLTiDBYaacomo
Specific characteristicsRelational model with native time series support Column-based storage and time partitioned...
» more
SingleStore offers a fully-managed , distributed, highly-scalable SQL database designed...
» more
TiDB is an advanced open-source, distributed SQL database for modern application...
» more
Competitive advantagesHigh ingestion throughput: peak of 4M rows/sec (TSBS Benchmark) Code optimizations...
» more
SingleStore’s competitive advantages include: Easy and Simplified Architecture with...
» more
- HORIZONTAL SCALING : TiDB grants total transparency into your data workloads without...
» more
Typical application scenariosFinancial tick data Industrial IoT Application Metrics Monitoring
» more
Driving Fast Analytics: SingleStore delivers the fastest and most scalable reporting...
» more
TiDB is ideal for transactional applications that require extreme scalability and...
» more
Key customersBanks & Hedge funds, Yahoo, OKX, Airbus, Aquis Exchange, Net App, Cloudera, Airtel,...
» more
IEX Cloud : Improves Financial Data Distribution Speed 15x with Singlestore DB Comcast,...
» more
Block, Pinterest, Catalyst, Bolt, Flipkart, Capcom, Shopee (E-commerce), JD Cloud...
» more
Market metricsCustomers in various industries worldwide including US and International Industry...
» more
34K+ GitHub stars 5K+ members in TiDB Community Slack 1K+ community contributors...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsOpen source Apache 2.0 QuestDB Enterprise QuestDB Cloud
» more
F ree Tier and Enterprise Edition
» more
TiDB Community : Free open source software (Apache 2.0) TiDB Self-Hosted : Enterprise...
» more
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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionQuestDBSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQLTiDBYaacomo
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