DBMS > 4D vs. PostGIS vs. SurrealDB vs. Teradata vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. PostGIS vs. SurrealDB vs. Teradata vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Spatial extension of PostgreSQL

A fully ACID transactional, developer-friendly, multi-model DBMS

A hybrid cloud data analytics software platform (Teradata Vantage)

In-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Spatial DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.47
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	21.72
Rank	#29	Overall
	#1	Spatial DBMS

Score	1.02
Rank	#190	Overall
	#33	Document stores
	#18	Graph DBMS

Score	44.87
Rank	#22	Overall
	#15	Relational DBMS

Score	1.36
Rank	#161	Overall
	#75	Relational DBMS

Website

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/timesten.html

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

postgis.net/documentation

surrealdb.com/docs

docs.teradata.com

docs.oracle.com/database/timesten-18.1

Developer

4D, Inc

SurrealDB Ltd

Teradata

Oracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP

originally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005

Initial release

1984

2005

2022

1984

1998

Current release

v20, April 2023

3.4.2, February 2024

v1.5.0, May 2024

Teradata Vantage 1.0 MU2, January 2019

11 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

GPL v2.0

Open Source

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Rust

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux
macOS
Windows

hosted
Linux

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

Join-index to prejoin tables, aggregate index, sparse index, hash index

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

SQL-like query language

yes

SQL 2016 + extensions

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

GraphQL
RESTful HTTP API
WebSocket

.NET Client API
HTTP REST
JDBC
JMS Adapter
ODBC
OLE DB

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

Deno
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Rust

C
C++
Cobol
Java (JDBC-ODBC)
Perl
PL/1
Python
R
Ruby

C
C++
Java
PL/SQL

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions

yes

UDFs, stored procedures, table functions in parallel

PL/SQL

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

yes

based on PostgreSQL

Sharding

Hashing

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

yes

based on PostgreSQL

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

by means of logfiles and checkpoints

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

yes

based on PostgreSQL

yes, based on authentication and database rules

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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