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DBMS > 4D vs. Percona Server for MySQL vs. PostgreSQL vs. PouchDB vs. RDF4J

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Percona Server for MySQL vs. PostgreSQL vs. PouchDB vs. RDF4J

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonPercona Server for MySQL  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonPouchDB  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemEnhanced drop-in replacement for MySQL based on XtraDB or TokuDB storage engines with improved performance and additional diagnostic and management features.Widely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLJavaScript DBMS with an API inspired by CouchDBRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Document storeRDF store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score2.03
Rank#122  Overall
#57  Relational DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score2.28
Rank#115  Overall
#21  Document stores
Score0.69
Rank#230  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Websitewww.4d.comwww.percona.com/­software/­mysql-database/­percona-serverwww.postgresql.orgpouchdb.comrdf4j.org
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comwww.percona.com/­downloads/­Percona-Server-LATESTwww.postgresql.org/­docspouchdb.com/­guidesrdf4j.org/­documentation
Developer4D, IncPerconaPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerApache Software FoundationSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.
Initial release198420081989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20122004
Current releasev20, April 20238.0.36-28, 202416.2, February 20247.1.1, June 2019
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoGPL version 2Open Source infoBSDOpen SourceOpen Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC and C++CJavaScriptJava
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
LinuxFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-freeyes infoRDF Schemas
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyesyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes infovia viewsyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yesyes infostandard with numerous extensionsnono
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
HTTP REST infoonly for PouchDB Server
JavaScript API
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
JavaScriptJava
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyesuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.View functions in JavaScriptyes
Triggersyesyesyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashSharding infowith a proxy-based framework, named couchdb-loungenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
XtraDB Cluster
Source-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replication infoalso with CouchDB databases
Source-replica replication infoalso with CouchDB databases
none
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDnoACID infoIsolation support depends on the API used
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoby using IndexedDB, WebSQL or LevelDB as backendyes infoin-memory storage is supported as well
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsUsers with fine-grained authorization concept infono user groups or rolesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnono

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionPercona Server for MySQLPostgreSQLPouchDBRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame
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