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DBMS > 4D vs. OrientDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. ScyllaDB vs. TempoIQ

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. OrientDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. ScyllaDB vs. TempoIQ

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonScyllaDB  Xexclude from comparisonTempoIQ infoformerly TempoDB  Xexclude from comparison
TempoIQ seems to be decommissioned. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemMulti-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)Widely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLCassandra and DynamoDB compatible wide column storeScalable analytics DBMS for sensor data, provided as a service (SaaS)
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Wide column storeTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Key-value store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score3.25
Rank#89  Overall
#16  Document stores
#6  Graph DBMS
#13  Key-value stores
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score4.08
Rank#76  Overall
#5  Wide column stores
Websitewww.4d.comorientdb.orgwww.postgresql.orgwww.scylladb.comtempoiq.com (offline)
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comwww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.htmlwww.postgresql.org/­docsdocs.scylladb.com
Developer4D, IncOrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAPPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerScyllaDBTempoIQ
Initial release198420101989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20152012
Current releasev20, April 20233.2.29, March 202416.3, May 2024ScyllaDB Open Source 5.4.1, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoBSDOpen Source infoOpen Source (AGPL), commercial license availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaCC++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
All OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesschema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")yesschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.nono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes infocluster global secondary indices
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like query language, no joinsyes infostandard with numerous extensionsSQL-like DML and DDL statements (CQL)no
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Proprietary protocol (CQL) infocompatible with CQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
RESTful HTTP API (DynamoDB compatible)
Thrift
HTTP API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
For CQL interface: C#, C++, Clojure, Erlang, Go, Haskell, Java, JavaScript, Node.js, Perl, PHP, Python, Ruby, Rust, Scala
For DynamoDB interface: .Net, ColdFusion, Erlang, Groovy, Java, JavaScript, Perl, PHP, Python, Ruby
C#
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesJava, Javascriptuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yes, Luano
TriggersyesHooksyesnoyes infoRealtime Alerts
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replicationSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possible
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnono infocould be achieved with distributed queriesnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Tunable Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes inforelationship in graphsyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDno infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes infoin-memory tablesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users and roles; record level security configurablefine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users can be defined per objectsimple authentication-based access control
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionOrientDBPostgreSQLScyllaDBTempoIQ infoformerly TempoDB
Specific characteristicsScyllaDB is engineered to deliver predictable performance at scale. It’s adopted...
» more
Competitive advantagesHighly-performant (efficiently utilizes full resources of a node and network; millions...
» more
Typical application scenariosScyllaDB is ideal for applications that require high throughput and low latency at...
» more
Key customersDiscord, Epic Games, Expedia, Zillow, Comcast, Disney+ Hotstar, Samsung, ShareChat,...
» more
Market metricsScyllaDB typically offers ~75% total cost of ownership savings, with ~5X higher throughput...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsScyllaDB Open Source - free open source software (AGPL) ScyllaDB Enterprise - subscription-based...
» more

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionOrientDBPostgreSQLScyllaDBTempoIQ infoformerly TempoDB
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