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DBMS > 4D vs. Neo4j vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. TigerGraph vs. TinkerGraph

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Neo4j vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. TigerGraph vs. TinkerGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Berkeley DB  Xexclude from comparisonTigerGraph  Xexclude from comparisonTinkerGraph  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsWidely used in-process key-value storeA complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-timeA lightweight, in-memory graph engine that serves as a reference implementation of the TinkerPop3 API
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMSKey-value store infosupports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS infoin the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version
Graph DBMSGraph DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score44.89
Rank#21  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score2.01
Rank#126  Overall
#21  Key-value stores
#3  Native XML DBMS
Score1.80
Rank#138  Overall
#13  Graph DBMS
Score0.13
Rank#345  Overall
#35  Graph DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comneo4j.comwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­berkeleydb.htmlwww.tigergraph.comtinkerpop.apache.org/­docs/­current/­reference/­#tinkergraph-gremlin
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comneo4j.com/­docsdocs.oracle.com/­cd/­E17076_05/­html/­index.htmldocs.tigergraph.com
Developer4D, IncNeo4j, Inc.Oracle infooriginally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by Oracle
Initial release19842007199420172009
Current releasev20, April 20235.20, May 202418.1.40, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availableOpen Source infocommercial license availablecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageJava, ScalaC, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)C++Java
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
AIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesschema-free and schema-optionalschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyes infoonly with the Berkeley DB XML editionnono
Secondary indexesyesyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92noyes infoSQL interfaced based on SQLite is availableSQL-like query language (GSQL)no
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
GSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net infoFigaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others infoThird-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl
C++
Java
Groovy
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functionsnoyesno
Triggersyesyes infovia event handleryes infoonly for the SQL APInono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneyes using Neo4j Fabricnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlySource-replica replicationnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
none
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infoRelationships in graphsnoyes infoRelationships in graphsyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesno
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesoptional
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)noRole-based access controlno
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionNeo4jOracle Berkeley DBTigerGraphTinkerGraph
Specific characteristicsNeo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesNeo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Typical application scenariosReal-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customersOver 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsNeo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
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