DBMS > 4D vs. atoti vs. NebulaGraph vs. Oracle NoSQL vs. Snowflake

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. atoti vs. NebulaGraph vs. Oracle NoSQL vs. Snowflake

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

An in-memory DBMS combining transactional and analytical processing to handle the aggregation of ever-changing data.

A distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMS

A multi-model, scalable, distributed NoSQL database, designed to provide highly reliable, flexible, and available data management across a configurable set of storage nodes

Cloud-based data warehousing service for structured and semi-structured data

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Object oriented DBMS

Graph DBMS

Document store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.68
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	0.59
Rank	#242	Overall
	#10	Object oriented DBMS

Score	2.12
Rank	#125	Overall
	#10	Graph DBMS

Score	2.96
Rank	#103	Overall
	#18	Document stores
	#17	Key-value stores
	#52	Relational DBMS

Score	123.20
Rank	#9	Overall
	#6	Relational DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

atoti.io

github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula
www.nebula-graph.io

www.oracle.com/database/nosql/technologies/nosql

www.snowflake.com

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

docs.atoti.io

docs.nebula-graph.io

docs.oracle.com/en/database/other-databases/nosql-database/index.html

docs.snowflake.net/manuals/index.html

Developer

4D, Inc

ActiveViam

Vesoft Inc.

Oracle

Snowflake Computing Inc.

Initial release

1984

2019

2011

2014

Current release

v20, April 2023

23.3, December 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

free versions available

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0

Open Source

Proprietary for Enterprise Edition (Oracle Database EE license has Oracle NoSQL database EE covered: details)

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C++

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux

Linux
Solaris SPARC/x86

hosted

Data scheme

yes

Strong typed schema

Support Fixed schema and Schema-less deployment with the ability to interoperate between them.

yes

support of semi-structured data formats (JSON, XML, Avro)

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

optional

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

Nebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

Multidimensional Expressions (MDX)

SQL-like query language

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis

ORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL

RESTful HTTP API

CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python

C
C#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Python

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

similar concept for controling cloud resources

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

Sharding

yes

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Causal Clustering using Raft protocol

Electable source-replica replication per shard. Support distributed global deployment with Multi-region table feature

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

with Hadoop integration

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

depending on configuration

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

configurable

ACID within a storage node (=shard)

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using RocksDB

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

off heap cache

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Role-based access control

Access rights for users and roles

Users with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authentication

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

NebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more

Competitive advantages

NebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more

Typical application scenarios

Social networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more

Key customers

Companies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more

Market metrics

At our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

NebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.