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DBMS > 4D vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Neo4j vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Neo4j vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Berkeley DB  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsWidely used in-process key-value storeIn-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMSKey-value store infosupports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS infoin the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score19.93
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score44.89
Rank#21  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score2.01
Rank#126  Overall
#21  Key-value stores
#3  Native XML DBMS
Score1.36
Rank#161  Overall
#75  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticsneo4j.comwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­berkeleydb.htmlwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsneo4j.com/­docsdocs.oracle.com/­cd/­E17076_05/­html/­index.htmldocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1
Developer4D, IncMicrosoftNeo4j, Inc.Oracle infooriginally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by OracleOracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release19842016200719941998
Current releasev20, April 20235.20, May 202418.1.40, May 202011 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availableOpen Source infocommercial license availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageC++Java, ScalaC, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
hostedLinux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
AIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-free and schema-optionalschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnoyes infoonly with the Berkeley DB XML editionno
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yesnoyes infoSQL interfaced based on SQLite is availableyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C#
Java
PHP
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net infoFigaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others infoThird-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesTransact SQLyes infoUser defined Procedures and FunctionsnoPL/SQL
Triggersyesnoyes infovia event handleryes infoonly for the SQL APIno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding, horizontal partitioningyes using Neo4j Fabricnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyesCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlySource-replica replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesno infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsyes infoRelationships in graphsnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsyesUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)nofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseNeo4jOracle Berkeley DBTimesTen
Specific characteristicsNeo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesNeo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Typical application scenariosReal-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customersOver 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsNeo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
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