DBMS > 4D vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. SAP Adaptive Server vs. SAP HANA vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. SAP Adaptive Server vs. SAP HANA vs. Stardog

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL Server

The SAP (Sybase) Adaptive Server Enterprise (ASE) is an enterprise-class RDBMS

In-memory, column based data store. Available as appliance or cloud service

Enterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS
RDF store

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

Spatial DBMS

with Boeing's Spatial Query Server

Document store
Graph DBMS

with SAP Hana, Enterprise Edition
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	77.99
Rank	#16	Overall
	#11	Relational DBMS

Score	36.31
Rank	#25	Overall
	#17	Relational DBMS

Score	44.69
Rank	#22	Overall
	#16	Relational DBMS

Score	2.02
Rank	#123	Overall
	#11	Graph DBMS
	#6	RDF stores

Website

www.4d.com

azure.microsoft.com/en-us/products/azure-sql/database

www.sap.com/products/technology-platform/sybase-ase.html

www.sap.com/products/hana.html

www.stardog.com

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-sql

help.sap.com/docs/SAP_ASE

help.sap.com/hana

docs.stardog.com

Developer

4D, Inc

Microsoft

SAP, Sybase

SAP

Stardog-Union

Initial release

1984

2010

1987

2010

Current release

v20, April 2023

V12

16.0

2.0 SPS07 (April 4, 2023), April 2023

7.3.0, May 2020

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

also available as a cloud based service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

C and C++

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

hosted

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Unix
Windows

Appliance or cloud-service

Linux
macOS
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Import/export of XML data possible

Secondary indexes

yes

supports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

Yes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

JDBC
ODBC

GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

C
C++
Cobol
Java
Java
Perl
PHP
Python

.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Transact SQL

Java and Transact-SQL

SQLScript, R

user defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java

Triggers

yes

via event handlers

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

horizontal partitioning

yes

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

yes, with always 3 replicas available

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

yes

Multi-source replication in HA-Cluster

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency in HA-Cluster

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

yes

Access rights for users and roles

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