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DBMS > 4D vs. Memgraph vs. NebulaGraph vs. Percona Server for MySQL vs. TiDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Memgraph vs. NebulaGraph vs. Percona Server for MySQL vs. TiDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonMemgraph  Xexclude from comparisonNebulaGraph  Xexclude from comparisonPercona Server for MySQL  Xexclude from comparisonTiDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemAn open source graph database built for real-time streaming and compatible with Neo4jA distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMSEnhanced drop-in replacement for MySQL based on XtraDB or TokuDB storage engines with improved performance and additional diagnostic and management features.TiDB is an open source distributed SQL database that supports Hybrid Transactional/Analytical Processing (HTAP) workloads. It is MySQL compatible and features horizontal scalability, strong consistency, and high availability.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score3.02
Rank#98  Overall
#8  Graph DBMS
Score2.14
Rank#120  Overall
#10  Graph DBMS
Score2.03
Rank#122  Overall
#57  Relational DBMS
Score4.66
Rank#70  Overall
#38  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.commemgraph.comgithub.com/­vesoft-inc/­nebula
www.nebula-graph.io
www.percona.com/­software/­mysql-database/­percona-serverpingcap.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.commemgraph.com/­docsdocs.nebula-graph.iowww.percona.com/­downloads/­Percona-Server-LATESTdocs.pingcap.com/­tidb/­stable
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterFacebookGitHubDiscord
Developer4D, IncMemgraph LtdVesoft Inc.PerconaPingCAP, Inc.
Initial release19842017201920082016
Current releasev20, April 20238.0.36-28, 20248.0.0, March 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoBSL 1.1; commercial license for enterprise edition availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0Open Source infoGPL version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
TiDB Cloud: Fully-managed TiDB Service. Bring everything great about TiDB to the cloud.
Implementation languageC and C++C++C and C++Go, Rust
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
LinuxLinuxLinuxLinux
Data schemeyesschema-free and schema-optionalStrong typed schemayesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyes infoNebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.yesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92noSQL-like query languageyesyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis infoORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
GORM
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
SQLAlchemy
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
C
C++
Elixir
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesuser defined functionsyesno
Triggersyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infodynamic graph partitioningShardinghorizontal partitioning (by key range)
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication using RAFTCausal Clustering using Raft protocolMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
XtraDB Cluster
Using Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononoyes infowith TiSpark Connector
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes inforelationships in graphsyes infoRelationships in graphsyesyes infofull support since version 6.6
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infowith snapshot isolationACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infowith periodic snapshot and write-ahead logging (WAL) of changesyes infousing RocksDByesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsUsers, roles and permissionsRole-based access controlUsers with fine-grained authorization concept infono user groups or rolesFine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionMemgraphNebulaGraphPercona Server for MySQLTiDB
Specific characteristicsMemgraph directly connects to your streaming infrastructure so you and your team...
» more
NebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more
TiDB is an advanced open-source, distributed SQL database for modern application...
» more
Competitive advantagesBusiness Source License ensures a future for the Memgraph community MAGE algorithm...
» more
NebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more
- HORIZONTAL SCALING : TiDB grants total transparency into your data workloads without...
» more
Typical application scenariosGraph algorithms in bioinformatics Social network analysis Cryptocurrency network...
» more
Social networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more
TiDB is ideal for transactional applications that require extreme scalability and...
» more
Key customersCompanies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more
Block, Pinterest, Catalyst, Bolt, Flipkart, Capcom, Shopee (E-commerce), JD Cloud...
» more
Market metricsAt our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more
34K+ GitHub stars 5K+ members in TiDB Community Slack 1K+ community contributors...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsYou can check out our pricing model and licenses on the company website .
» more
NebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more
TiDB Community : Free open source software (Apache 2.0) TiDB Self-Hosted : Enterprise...
» more

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionMemgraphNebulaGraphPercona Server for MySQLTiDB
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