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DBMS > 4D vs. LevelDB vs. Quasardb vs. TimescaleDB vs. Vertica

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. LevelDB vs. Quasardb vs. TimescaleDB vs. Vertica

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonQuasardb  Xexclude from comparisonTimescaleDB  Xexclude from comparisonVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesDistributed, high-performance timeseries databaseA time series DBMS optimized for fast ingest and complex queries, based on PostgreSQLCloud or off-cloud analytical database and query engine for structured and semi-structured streaming and batch data. Machine learning platform with built-in algorithms, data preparation capabilities, and model evaluation and management via SQL or Python.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeTime Series DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS infoColumn oriented
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSSpatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.37
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score2.33
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score0.13
Rank#332  Overall
#28  Time Series DBMS
Score4.06
Rank#73  Overall
#5  Time Series DBMS
Score9.62
Rank#42  Overall
#26  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comgithub.com/­google/­leveldbquasar.aiwww.timescale.comwww.vertica.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mddoc.quasar.ai/­masterdocs.timescale.comvertica.com/­documentation
Developer4D, IncGooglequasardbTimescaleOpenText infopreviously Micro Focus and Hewlett Packard
Initial release19842011200920172005
Current releasev20, April 20231.23, February 20213.14.1, January 20242.15.0, May 202412.0.3, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoBSDcommercial infoFree community edition, Non-profit organizations and non-commercial usage are eligible for free licensesOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial infoLimited community edition free
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono infoon-premises, all major clouds - Amazon AWS, Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud Platform and containers
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C++CC++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeyesYes, but also semi-structure/unstructured data storage, and complex hierarchical data (like Parquet) stored and/or queried.
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyes infointeger and binarynumerics, strings, booleans, arrays, JSON blobs, geospatial dimensions, currencies, binary data, other complex data typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonoyesno
Secondary indexesyesnoyes infowith tagsyesNo Indexes Required. Different internal optimization strategy, but same functionality included.
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92noSQL-like query languageyes infofull PostgreSQL SQL syntaxFull 1999 standard plus machine learning, time series and geospatial. Over 650 functions.
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
ADO.NET
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Spark Connector
vSQL infocharacter-based, interactive, front-end utility
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
.Net
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnonouser defined functions, PL/pgSQL, PL/Tcl, PL/Perl, PL/Python, PL/Java, PL/PHP, PL/R, PL/Ruby, PL/Scheme, PL/Unix shellyes, PostgreSQL PL/pgSQL, with minor differences
Triggersyesnonoyesyes, called Custom Alerts
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneSharding infoconsistent hashingyes, across time and space (hash partitioning) attributeshorizontal partitioning, hierarchical partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationnoneSource-replica replication with selectable replication factorSource-replica replication with hot standby and reads on replicas infoMulti-source replication infoOne, or more copies of data replicated across nodes, or object-store used for repository.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonowith Hadoop integrationnono infoBi-directional Spark integration
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyes infoby using LevelDByesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infoTransient modenono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsnoCryptographically strong user authentication and audit trailfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard; supports Kerberos, LDAP, Ident and hash

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionLevelDBQuasardbTimescaleDBVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™
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