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DBMS > 4D vs. LMDB vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. OpenTSDB vs. TimescaleDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. LMDB vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. OpenTSDB vs. TimescaleDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonLMDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonOpenTSDB  Xexclude from comparisonTimescaleDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemA high performant, light-weight, embedded key-value database libraryElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerScalable Time Series DBMS based on HBaseA time series DBMS optimized for fast ingest and complex queries, based on PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score1.99
Rank#125  Overall
#21  Key-value stores
Score20.56
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score1.68
Rank#146  Overall
#12  Time Series DBMS
Score4.64
Rank#71  Overall
#4  Time Series DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.symas.com/­symas-embedded-database-lmdbazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticsopentsdb.netwww.timescale.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comwww.lmdb.tech/­docdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsopentsdb.net/­docs/­build/­html/­index.htmldocs.timescale.com
Developer4D, IncSymasMicrosoftcurrently maintained by Yahoo and other contributorsTimescale
Initial release19842011201620112017
Current releasev20, April 20230.9.32, January 20242.15.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen SourcecommercialOpen Source infoLGPLOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCC++JavaC
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
Unix
Windows
hostedLinux
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnumeric data for metrics, strings for tagsnumerics, strings, booleans, arrays, JSON blobs, geospatial dimensions, currencies, binary data, other complex data types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononoyes
Secondary indexesyesnoyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92noyesnoyes infofull PostgreSQL SQL syntax
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
HTTP API
Telnet API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Nim
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Swift
Tcl
C#
Java
PHP
Erlang
Go
Java
Python
R
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoTransact SQLnouser defined functions, PL/pgSQL, PL/Tcl, PL/Perl, PL/Python, PL/Java, PL/PHP, PL/R, PL/Ruby, PL/Scheme, PL/Unix shell
Triggersyesnononoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneSharding, horizontal partitioningSharding infobased on HBaseyes, across time and space (hash partitioning) attributes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationnoneyesselectable replication factor infobased on HBaseSource-replica replication with hot standby and reads on replicas info
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency infobased on HBaseImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsnoyesnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionLMDBMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseOpenTSDBTimescaleDB
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