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DBMS > 4D vs. Kdb vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. QuestDB vs. RDF4J

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Kdb vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. QuestDB vs. RDF4J

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonKdb  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonQuestDB  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemHigh performance Time Series DBMSDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerA high performance open source SQL database for time series dataRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSTime Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Relational DBMSTime Series DBMSRDF store
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score7.71
Rank#49  Overall
#2  Time Series DBMS
#1  Vector DBMS
Score76.78
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score2.70
Rank#105  Overall
#8  Time Series DBMS
Score0.74
Rank#222  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Websitewww.4d.comkx.comazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasequestdb.iordf4j.org
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comcode.kx.comdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlquestdb.io/­docsrdf4j.org/­documentation
Developer4D, IncKx Systems, a division of First Derivatives plcMicrosoftQuestDB Technology IncSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.
Initial release19842000 infokdb was released 2000, kdb+ in 2003201020142004
Current releasev20, April 20233.6, May 2018V12
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infofree 32-bit versioncommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageqC++Java (Zero-GC), C++, RustJava
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
hostedLinux
macOS
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyes infoschema-free via InfluxDB Line Protocolyes infoRDF Schemas
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyesyesno
Secondary indexesyesyes infotable attribute 'grouped'yesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like query language (q)yesSQL with time-series extensionsno
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
HTTP API
JDBC
Jupyter
Kafka
ODBC
WebSocket
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
HTTP REST
InfluxDB Line Protocol (TCP/UDP)
JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C
C#
C++
Go
J
Java
JavaScript
Lua
MatLab
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Scala
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C infoPostgreSQL driver
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust infoover HTTP
Java
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesuser defined functionsTransact SQLnoyes
Triggersyesyes infowith viewsyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioninghorizontal partitioning (by timestamps)none
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationSource-replica replicationyes, with always 3 replicas availableSource-replica replication with eventual consistencynone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnono infosimilar paradigm used for internal processingnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACID for single-table writesACID infoIsolation support depends on the API used
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as well
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes infothrough memory mapped files
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsrights management via user accountsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionKdbMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureQuestDBRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame
Specific characteristicsIntegrated columnar database & programming system for streaming, real time and historical...
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Relational model with native time series support Column-based storage and time partitioned...
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Competitive advantagesprovides seamless scalability; runs on industry standard server platforms; is top-ranked...
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High ingestion throughput: peak of 4M rows/sec (TSBS Benchmark) Code optimizations...
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Typical application scenariostick database streaming sensor data massive intelligence applications oil and gas...
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Financial tick data Industrial IoT Application Metrics Monitoring
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Key customersGoldman Sachs Morgan Stanley Merrill Lynch J.P. Morgan Deutsche Bank IEX Securities...
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Banks & Hedge funds, Yahoo, OKX, Airbus, Aquis Exchange, Net App, Cloudera, Airtel,...
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Market metricskdb+ performance and reliability proven by our customers in critical infrastructure...
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Licensing and pricing modelsupon request
» more
Open source Apache 2.0 QuestDB Enterprise QuestDB Cloud
» more
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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionKdbMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureQuestDBRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame
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